【摘要】 两栖爬行动物是良好的环境指示类群,容易受到环境变化的影响,目前正经历着全球范围的种群快速下降和物种灭绝。最新的《中国脊椎动物红色名录》评估发现, 37.05%的两栖动物和30.5%的爬行动物受到威胁。开展国家级科学监测,研究和分析两栖爬行动物多样性变迁及其驱动因素是保护的前提。作为中国生物多样性监测与研究网络的重要组成部分,两栖爬行动物监测与研究专项网通过对11个典型样区中两栖爬行动物的组成、种群动态和结构进行长期监测和研究,将野外数据与生态模型相结合,探讨两栖爬行动物的种群现状、群落结构及其动态,以及针对我国两栖爬行动物应对未来环境变化提出及时有效的保护管理对策。在两栖爬行动物多样性研究、极危两栖动物中国大鲵(Andrias davidianus)和濒危两栖动物大凉螈(Liangshantriton taliangensis)的保护、环境DNA (eDNA)技术和无线电追踪技术开拓与应用、荒漠化生境对爬行动物的生态影响、外来入侵种的扩展机制等方面取得了重要进展,明显提升了中国两栖爬行动物监测能力和研究水平。未来尚需持续加大监测网络建设,普及先进监测技术,从法律法规层面强调两栖爬行动物的保护,建设和优化保护区,实施必要的迁地保育和就地保育,实现更多有效保护珍稀两栖爬行动物资源的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Background & Aims: Amphibians and reptiles are important indicators of ecosystem health, and they are vulnerable to changes in the environment. Many of their populations are undergoing rapid decline and species extinction in the worldwide. A recent assessment of Red List of China’s Vertebrates found that 37.05% of amphibians and 30.5% of reptiles are threatened. Therefore, building a national biodiversity monitoring network, to research and analyze the trend and threats of amphibians and reptiles is a prerequisite for conservation. As part of the Chinese Biodiversity Monitoring and Research Network(Sino BON), the Sino BON-Amphibian & Reptile has covered 11 key areas with rich biodiversity and high habitat heterogeneity across China. This program aims to combine intensive field surveys and ecological modeling techniques to evaluate population dynamics and community structures of amphibian and reptile species in the study areas. Review Results: Currently, the Sino BON-Amphibian & Reptile adheres to focusing on the research of amphibian and reptile diversity. A total of 16 species were newly discovered in China, including 13 new species and 3 national new record species. Significant progress has been made in the national need for the protection of Critically Endangered amphibian(CR) Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus) and Endangered(EN) amphibian Taliang crocodile newt(Liangshantriton taliangensis), the environmental DNA(eDNA) technology and radio tracking technology applied in wild, the ecological impact of desertification habitats on reptiles, and invasive alien species, which have provided strong scientific support for protecting biodiversity of amphibians and reptiles in China. Prospects: For further progresses, it is still necessary to continuously enhance monitoring and research on amphibians and reptiles, strengthen monitoring network construction and application of advanced technologies, emphasize the protection of amphibians and reptiles from the level of laws and regulations, establish and optimize the protected areas, and implement the necessary ex situ and in situ conservation, so as to achieve more effective protection of rare amphibian and reptile resources.更多还原