【摘要】 目的：提高羊肚菌多糖(Morchella esculenta polysaccharides, MEP)得率，研究MEP及其主要组分的生物活性及理化特性。方法：采用超声辅助提取法，通过单因素试验和响应面法建立数学模型，优化MEP提取工艺。利用DEAE A-25离子交换柱对MEP分离纯化，测定MEP及其主要组分的抗氧化活性、流变特性、持水力、持油力、粒径和多分散系数。结果：MEP最佳提取工艺为料液比1:23.5 g/mL、超声温度62℃、超声时间21.5 min、超声功率201 W，得率为5.17%,MEP分离纯化后得到主要组分MEP-1。MEP-1具有比MEP更强的抗氧化活性、持水力和持油力，MEP和MEP-1均为具有凝胶特性的非牛顿流体，MEP-1的粒径小于MEP且分散更均匀。结论：超声辅助是提取羊肚菌多糖切实可行的方法，其粗多糖MEP和纯化后的多糖MEP-1均具有良好的生物活性及理化特性，为羊肚菌的深加工利用提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To improve the yield of Morchella esculenta polysaccharides(MEP) and study the biological activity and physicochemical properties of MEP and its main component. Methods: Using the ultrasonic-assisted extraction method, the mathematical model was established by single-factor and response surface method to optimized the MEP extraction conditions. MEP was isolated and purificated by DEAE A-25, and the antioxidant activity, rheological properties, water and oil holding capacity, particle size and PDI was determined. Results: The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: solid-liquid ratio 1:23.5 g/mL, ultrasonic temperature 62 ℃, ultrasonic time 21.5 min, ultrasonic power 201 W, and the yield was 5.17%. After isolation and purification, the main component of MEP was obtained(MEP-1). MEP-1 had stronger antioxidant activity, water and oil holding capacity than MEP. MEP and MEP-1were both non-Newtonian fluids with gelling properties. MEP-1 had smaller particle size and was more evenly dispersed than MEP. Conclusion: Ultrasonic-assisted extraction is a practical and feasible method to extract MEP. MEP and MEP-1 have good biological activity and physicochemical properties, which provide a theoretical basis for the deep processing and utilization of Morchella esculenta.更多还原