【摘要】 废弃烟用醋纤滤棒降解难度大、时间长，对环境造成严重污染，研究其降解机制意义重大。本研究优选出解凝乳类芽胞杆菌、烟曲霉和里氏木霉三种降解菌，对主成分为二醋酸纤维素的烟用滤棒进行复合接种，采用土埋法和正交设计对其进行降解规律研究，并对降解后的醋纤滤棒的微观形态、力学性能、组成结构和热稳定性进行表征和测试，进一步探究其降解过程与分子机制。结果表明，各因素对其降解速率影响顺序为：接种量>温度>pH值>相对湿度，三种菌株的协同作用显著促进了醋纤滤棒的降解，28 d后其降解率可达47.5%,为同等降解条件下未接种复合菌液样品降解率的5.24倍；相比未接种样品，接种后的醋纤滤棒变得更为松散和碎片化，力学性能和热稳定性均有所下降，其分子链在生物酶的作用下大量脱乙酰并释放出羧酸，进一步促进了其主链的断裂；另外，经复合菌液接种后的醋纤滤棒对环境适应性较好，可能在各种不同的土壤环境中快速分解利用。该研究结果可为烟用醋纤滤棒的温和、快速、无害化降解提供新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Discarded cellulose acetate filter rods were difficult from degrade for a long time and caused serious environmental pollution.It had great significance to study its degradation mechanism.In this study, three degrading bacteria, such as, Paenibacillus,Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichoderma reesei were screened to inoculate the cellulose diacetate filter rods.The degradation law was studied by soil burial method and orthogonal design.The micro morphology, mechanical properties, composition structure and thermogravimetric stability of the degraded cellulose diacetate filter rods were characterized and tested to further explore its degradation process and molecular mechanism.The experimental results show that the order of the various factors influence on the degradation rate is inoculum>temperature>pH>relative humidity.The synergistic effect of the three strains significantly promotes the degradation of the cellulose diacetate filter rods.After 28 days, the degradation rate of filter rods could reach 47.5%,which is 5.24 times that of the sample without inoculation of the composite bacteria solution under the same degradation conditions.Comparing with the non-inoculated sample, the inoculated sample became looser and more fragmented, and its mechanical properties and thermal stability are decreased.Its molecular chain is deacetylated and releases carboxylic acid under the action of biological enzymes, which further promotes the breaking of its main chain.In addition, the filter rods inoculated with the compound strains shows good environmental adaptability.It may be rapidly decomposed and utilized in various soil environments.The research results can provide a new idea for the mild, rapid and harmless degradation of cellulose diacetate filter rods used in tobacco.更多还原