【摘要】 生态脆弱山区农村居民点空间布局优化，是巩固脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴有效衔接的重要路径。目前生态脆弱山区中的集中连片特困区缺乏相关研究以供参考，且已有关于乡村韧性的研究较少以安全韧性为视角对农村居民点的空间布局进行优化，缺乏对安全韧性概念的解析以及对特色区域的研究。本文以生态脆弱山区的秀山县隘口镇为例，基于ArcGIS和Fragstats4.2平台，运用景观格局指数、核密度分析法和安全韧性评价模型，分析农村居民点空间分布现状，测度农村居民点安全韧性等级，结合安全韧性等级、村规、地灾防范点及村域实际情况，优化农村居民点空间布局，提出发展建议。结果表明：(1)隘口镇农村居民点分布现状与地势走向基本一致，且数量多、面积小、集中度低；(2)农村居民点安全韧性水平整体较高，呈东北高、西南低的分布态势，韧性水平为极安全和安全的斑块744个，占斑块总数的41.10%;(3)优化后的隘口镇农村居民点可分为城乡融合型、集聚提升型、保留发展型、特色保护型(生态保护和特色产业)及搬迁撤并型等5种类型。将安全韧性评价方法与研究区农村居民点空间优化分区相结合，可为提升生态脆弱山区农村居民的居住安全、有效巩固脱贫攻坚成果提供科学参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rural settlements in ecologically fragile mountainous areas of China are vulnerable to external disturbances. Optimizing the spatial layout of rural settlements and enhancing their safety resilience would consolidate poverty alleviation achievements and promote rural revitalization. Unfortunately, there was neither attention to the concentrated contiguous destitute areas in ecologically fragile mountainous areas for the purpose of optimization of the spatial layout of local rural settlements from a perspective of safety resilience, nor was there any conceptual examination of the safety resilience, particularly for certain a special area in the exceedingly indigent areas. In this study, it took Aikou town of Xiushan county, Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, Chongqing, China as case study. Based on ArcGIS and Fragstats4.2 platforms, it used landscape pattern index, kernel density analysis, and safety resilience evaluation model to analyze the spatial distribution of rural settlements; measured the safety resilience level of rural settlements; optimized their spatial layout, and proposed development suggestions. We have the following results:(1) The layout of rural settlements at Aikou was governed by local terrain, with a scattered distribution and low concentration.(2) The overall level of safety resilience in settlements was relatively high, with a distribution pattern of high in the northeast and low in the southwest. 744 patches of extremely safe and safe levels accounted for 41.10% of the total number of patches.(3) In terms of evolution, the rural settlements at Aikou can be optimized and sorted into five types of communities, urban-rural integration type, agglomeration-upgrading type, retention-development type, characteristic protection type(ecological protection and characteristic industries), and relocation type. For the urban-rural integration type community, the priority should be given to enhancing their industrial economy and public service system to achieve coordinated development in the region. As for the agglomeration-upgrading type, it is expected to strengthen the infrastructure construction and integrated economic development. The retention-development type settlements should focus on intensive land use and improving farmers’ residential well-being. Characteristic protection type villages should aim to establish distinctive tourism that can boost revenue and enhance living circumstances, while preserving their distinctive features. Relocation type settlements must be resettled or merged into other types due to multiple concerns. This study offer scientific insights to decision-makers for improving the living safety of rural residents in ecologically fragile mountainous areas and effectively consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation.更多还原