【摘要】 目的 探讨抑郁症视觉工作记忆状况以及与临床症状和心理因素之间的相关性。方法 选取118例抑郁症患者作为研究组，同期招募的121名健康志愿者作为对照组，收集两组的一般资料，采用变化觉察任务（CD）、空间广度测验（SS）、N-back任务和点阵图预期任务（DPX）测量两组的工作记忆状况。对研究组使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表、心理弹性量表和一般自我效能感量表评估心理状况。结果 研究组CD任务Km值、空间广度、1-back正确率、2-back正确率均低于对照组（P<0.001）,两组DPX任务E_AX、E_BX比较差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。相关分析结果显示，研究组Km值与受教育年限呈正相关（P<0.01）,与复发和伴有精神病性症状均呈负相关（P<0.05）;空间广度与受教育年限呈正相关（P<0.01）;1-back正确率、2-back正确率与受教育年限、自我效能感均呈正相关（P<0.001）,与伴有精神病性症状均呈负相关（P<0.001）,2-back正确率与年龄、总病程呈负相关（P<0.05）,1-back反应时与年龄呈正相关（P<0.001）,2-back反应时与性别呈正相关（P<0.001）;E_AY与心理弹性、自我效能感均呈负相关（P<0.05）,E_BX与总病程呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论 抑郁症视觉工作记忆存在损害，体现在工作记忆容量、更新和目标维持能力方面，并且与人口学、心理因素和临床特征具有一定的相关性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the visual working memory status in depression and its correlations with clinical symptoms and psychological factors.Methods A total of 118 patients with depression in study group, and 121 healthy volunteers during the same period in control group were selected and assessed with general information questionnaire. The working memory statuses of two groups were measured by Change Detection Task（CD）, Spatial Span Test（SS）, N-back task and Dot Pattern Expectancy Test（DPX）. The study group was assessed with Hamilton Depression Scale（HAMD）, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale（CD-RISC-10） and General Self-Efficacy Scale（GSES） to evaluate the psychological status. Results The working memory capacity, spatial span, 1-back accuracy and 2-back accuracy of study group were significantly lower than those of control group（P<0.001）. There were significant differences in E_AX and E_BXbetween two groups（P<0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that in study group, working memory capacity was positively correlated with years of education（P<0.01）, and negatively correlated with relapse and psychotic symptoms（P<0.05）; spatial span was positively correlated with years of education（P<0.01）; 1-back accuracy and 2-back accuracy were positively correlated with years of education and self-efficacy（P<0.001）, and negatively correlated with psychotic symptoms（P<0.001）; 2-back accuracy was negatively correlated with age and disease duration（P<0.05）; 1-back response time was positively correlated with age（P<0.001）; 2-back response time was positively correlated with gender（P<0.001）. E_AY had significant negative correlations with mental resilience and self-efficacy（P<0.05）, and E_BX had a positive correlation with disease duration（P<0.05）. Conclusion Visual working memory is impaired in depression, which is reflected in working memory capacity, updating and goal maintenance ability, and it has certain correlation with demography, psychological factors and clinical characteristics.更多还原