【摘要】 为了解饥饿胁迫对鳙肌肉质构特性、常规营养成分、氨基酸组成及肠道微生物群落结构的影响，设置正常投喂组和饥饿组，对处于越冬前期的鳙（Aristichthys nobilis）开展78 d饥饿试验。结果表明，与正常投喂组相比，饥饿组鳙肌肉的硬度、黏性、咀嚼性、恢复性及水分含量显著提高，肌肉粗蛋白、粗脂肪及氨基酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）;2组间鳙肌肉弹性、灰分、蛋氨酸含量以及必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸总量占氨基酸总量的百分比差异不显著（P>0.05）。此外，2组间肠道微生物群落结构差异显著，正常投喂组鳙肠道内容物菌群的Alpha多样性显著高于饥饿组（P<0.05）；在门水平上，正常投喂组优势菌群为变形菌门、放线菌门、蓝细菌门和拟杆菌门，饥饿组优势菌群为梭杆菌门、厚壁菌门、蓝细菌门、变形菌门和放线菌门；正常投喂组鱼变形菌门、放线菌门的比例显著高于饥饿组，梭杆菌门、厚壁菌门显著低于饥饿组（P<0.05）；饥饿组肠道鲸杆菌属、迪尔玛菌属、蓝细菌属的丰度显著增加（P<0.05）。指出，越冬前长期饥饿，会导致肌肉营养成分含量较少，肠道菌群多样性降低，菌群结构发生显著改变。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the effects of starvation on muscle textural properties, conventional nutritive composition, amino acids content and intestinal microbiota of early wintering Aristichthys nobilis, fish were selected for a 78-day fasting treatment meanwhile the control group fed with commercial food normally. The results showed that starvation caused a significant increase in the hardness, gumminess, chewiness, resilience and moisture of muscle, and a significant decrease in the crude protein, crude fat and amino acid content of muscle(P<0.05); the difference of springiness, ash and methionine between two groups weren’t significant(P>0.05). Moreover, we observed lower intestinal microbial diversity in starvation group(P<0.05); intestinal dominant phyla in feeding group were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidota, while in starvation group were Fusobacteriota, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota were significantly decreased while Fusobacteriota and Firmicutes were increased in starvation group(P<0.05); intestinal dominant genus showed that the relative abundance of Cetobacterium, Dielma and Cyanobium PCC-6307 were significantly increased in the latter(P<0.05). Our results suggested that starvation could induce lower levels of muscle nutrients, decrease intestinal microbiota diversity and alter microbiota structure.更多还原