【摘要】 泥沙沉降速度的确定对于水体中泥沙输运与时空分布规律的研究至关重要。笔者理论分析了均匀泥沙颗粒在水中沉降初期的非匀速沉降过程。在现有泥沙沉降试验的基础上，开展了泥沙颗粒级配测量的工作，提出了一种可将泥沙沉速与粒径建立起对应关系的改进试验方法，该方法考虑了不同组分泥沙共存条件下作用对沉速的影响，将0.01～0.06 mm粒径尺度的悬移质泥沙在水中的沉速与粒径建立起较好的指数型函数(ω=0.0105e^0.1031D)关系，相比理论计算值和传统试验方法更加精确。笔者的研究成果对于天然河流中拆坝后河道演变、泥沙沉降过程等方面的研究工作具有重要的理论价值和工程意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The determination of settling velocity is very important for the study of sediment transport and spatiotemporal distribution in water. In this paper, the non-uniform settling process of uniform sediment particles in the initial stage of settling is theoretically analyzed. On the basis of the existing settling test, the measurement of sediment particle size gradation has been done, and an improved experiment method is proposed to establish a corresponding relation between settling velocity and particle size. This method considers the influence of interactions on settling velocity under the coexistence of different components of sediment and establish a good exponential function relation ω= 0.0105e^0.1031D between the settling velocity and particle size 0.01-0.06 mm of suspended sediment in water, which is more accurate than theoretical calculation values and traditional test method. The research results in this paper have important theoretical value and engineering significance for the research on river channel evolution and settling process after dam removal in natural rivers.更多还原