【摘要】 目的 分析四川省2017—2020年农村妇女乳腺癌检查项目数据，研究该项目的筛查效果，为工作改进提供科学依据，助力提升农村妇女健康水平。方法 对各项目县筛查信息直报系统上报的数据进行逐级审核，汇总2017—2020年农村妇女乳腺癌检查项目数据，对检出结果采用χ~2检验和趋势χ~2检验进行回顾性分析。结果 2017—2020年，乳腺癌检查项目共计筛查农村妇女1 726 827人，检出乳腺癌前病变100人，检出率为5.79/10万；检出乳腺癌547人，检出率为31.68/10万；不同年度乳腺癌前病变检出率的差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.199,P>0.05),而乳腺癌检出率的差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.041,P<0.05)。乳腺癌及癌前病变人群中，不典型增生中40～49岁者占比最高，导管原位癌、浸润性导管癌、浸润性小叶癌中50～59岁者占比最高，上述四种情况在不同年龄间分布的差异有统计学意义(χ~2值为33.748～249.443,P<0.05);该人群文化程度以小学及以下为主，不典型增生、导管原位癌、浸润性导管癌、浸润性小叶癌在不同文化程度间分布的差异有统计学意义(χ~2值为41.096～335.621,P<0.05)。2018—2020年，四川省上报乳腺癌个案450例，获得TNM分期334例。早期诊断者共223人，三年平均早期诊断率为66.77%(223/334)。结论 四川省乳腺癌检查项目早诊率达到国家要求，对乳腺癌的早发现、早诊断、早治疗起到很好作用。40～59岁及文化程度较低的妇女人群需要重点关注；组织病理检测工作有待改进；基层医疗保健机构TNM分期知识有待提高；乳腺癌筛查延长了项目地区妇女生存期。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the data of the breast cancer screening project for rural women in Sichuan Province from 2017 to 2020,study the screening effects of the project, so as to provide scientific basis for work improvement and help improve the health level of rural women.Methods The data reported by the screening information direct reporting system of each project county was examined step by step, and the data of rural women breast cancer screening project from 2017 to 2020 were summarized.The detected results were analyzed by using chi-square test and Trend χ~2 Test.Results From 2017 to 2020,a total of 1 726 827 rural women were screened for breast cancer examination project.Breast precancerous lesions were detected in 100 patients, with a detection rate of 5.79/100 000.Breast cancer was detected in 547 patients, the detection rate was 31.68/100 000.There were no statistical difference in the detection rates of breast precancerous lesions in different years(χ~2=1.199,P>0.05),but there were significant difference in the detection rates of breast cancer(χ~2=4.041,P<0.05).Among the patients of breast cancer and breast precancerous lesions, the proportion of atypical hyperplasia was the highest in 40-49 years old, the proportion of ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma was the highest in 50-59 years old.The difference in those four conditions among different ages were statistically significant(χ~2values were 33.748-249.443,respectively, P<0.05).The education level of this population was mainly primary school or below, and the distribution of atypical hyperplasia, ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma were statistically significant among different education levels(χ~2 values were 41.096-335.621,respectively, P<0.05).From 2018 to 2020,450 cases of breast cancer were reported in Sichuan Province, 334 cases were obtained TNM staging.A total of 223 patients were diagnosed early, and the three-year average early diagnosis rate was 66.77%(223/334).Conclusion The early diagnosis rate of breast cancer screening project in Sichuan Province meets the national requirements, which plays a very good role in early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of breast cancer.Women aged 40-59 and those with lower education level need to be focused.The histopathological detection work needs to be improved.The knowledge of TNM staging in primary healthcare institutions need to be improved.The breast cancer screening prolongs the survival period of women in the project area.更多还原