【摘要】 高空切断冷涡是中高纬度地区大气环流的重要组成部分,高空切断冷涡的出现往往会产生对流不稳定,导致各种高影响天气的发生发展。中国最常见的切断冷涡是东北冷涡,其发生发展不仅能影响我国东北地区的天气气候异常,也对中东部地区具有重要的影响。因此,有必要关注高空切断冷涡的形成机理和预测理论与方法。基于此,对近些年来国内外有关高空切断冷涡的形成机理和预测方法取得的主要研究进展进行了回顾,简述了切断冷涡的定义、天气气候学特征、不同天气气候系统和大气外强迫因子对切断冷涡的影响,最后指出了目前研究中仍然存在的不足和需要进一步深入研究的关键科学问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The upper-level cut-off cold vortex is an important part of the atmospheric circulation in the middle and high latitudes,and usually can lead to the convective instability as well as the occurrence and development of various high impact weather.The most common cut-off cold vortex in China is the northeast cold vortex,which can not only affect the weather and climate anomalies in the northeastern China,but also have a profound impact on the central and eastern China.Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to the formation mechanism and prediction theory of cut-off cold vortex.Based on this,this paper reviews the main research progress in the formation mechanism and prediction methods of upper-level cut-off cold vortex in recent years.Firstly,the definition of cut-off cold vortex and its weather and climate characteristics are summarized.Secondly,the impacts of different weather and climate systems as well as the external forcing factors on the cut-off cold vortex are reviewed.Finally,the gaps and unsolved problems in the previous researches are pointed out.更多还原