【摘要】 以“青宏杏”为试验材料，研究了不同时间和嫁接方式对接穗萌发率、新梢生长量、嫁接成活率、越冬保存率等的影响，以期为在适宜的时间采用正确的高接换优方式开展山杏生态林的改造提供科学依据。结果表明：受温度和湿度等因素影响，在青海省民和地区，春季进行枝接时，随着嫁接时间的推后，接穗集中萌发出现的时间越早，并越快达到最高萌发率，新梢生长量也更大。但过早或过晚枝接均不利于嫁接成活率的提高，故宜在4月14-24日采用枝接方式进行山杏生态林的高接换优，接穗相对萌发时间较短，且满足生产需要；而秋季采用带木质芽接方式进行山杏生态林的高接换优时，可采取春季截冠修剪处理培养新梢，于7月20-30日在新枝上采用带木质芽接的方式嫁接，成活率和越冬保存率相对其他方式更高。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study used Prunus sibirica “Qinghong” as the experimental material to study the effect of different time and grafting methods on ear germination rate, new shoot growth rate, overwintering preservation rate,grafting survival rate, etc., in order to provide scientific basis for the correct high grafting and optimization method to carry out the ecological forest transformation of mountain apricot at the appropriate time. The results showed that,influenced by the factors such as temperature and humidity, when conducting branch grafting in the Minhe area of Qinghai Province in spring, as the grafting time is pushed back, the time when the concentrated germination of scions appears earlier and reaches the highest germination rate faster, and the growth of new shoots is also more. However,premature or late branch grafting is not conducive to improving the survival rate of grafting. Therefore, it is advisable to use branch grafting in mid to late April for high grafting and optimization of mountain apricot ecological forests.The relative germination time of scions is relatively short and meets production needs. When using woody bud grafting in autumn for high grafting and optimization of mountain apricot ecological forests, spring crown cutting and pruning can be used to cultivate new shoots. In mid to late July, woody bud grafting can be used on new branches, resulting in higher survival rates and overwintering preservation rates compared to other methods.更多还原