【摘要】 根据月平均热通量(TropFlux)资料，使用相关分析和线性倾向估计以及经验正交分解(EOF)等方法，标记5个特征海区，以反映北印度洋净热通量的季节、年际和年代际变化特征。结果显示：冬季阿拉伯海失热区比孟加拉湾失热区失热多；夏季只有亚丁湾海域失热，斯科特拉区得热量值和赤道区相当。北印度洋净热通量季节分布呈现春季峰值大于秋季的双峰分布。近些年来，阿拉伯海和亚丁湾海域失热减小，孟加拉湾失热增多，赤道得热有下降的趋势。阿拉伯海、孟加拉湾和亚丁湾失热区净热通量的季节、年际和年代际变化主要由潜热和感热决定，亚丁湾夏季失热还与长波辐射有关。冬季净热通量异常场分解出3个独立模态，累计贡献率可达53.87%,第一模态为主模态，阿拉伯海失热区失热减少、孟加拉湾失热区失热增多的年代际变化特征。夏季净热通量异常场前3个模态的累计贡献率为57.42%,第一模态为主模态，北印度洋全场一致性得热，且以热带印度洋西部为最强的年代际变化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the TropFlux monthly heat flux data, five specific sea areas are labeled using correlation analysis and linear estimation as well as empirical orthogonal function(EOF), which are sufficient to reflect the seasonal, interannual and interdecadal variation characteristics of the net heat flux in the North Indian Ocean. In winter, the heat loss zone in the Arabian Sea is more than that in the Bay of Bengal; in summer, only the Gulf of Aden loses heat, and the heat gain value in the Scotia region is comparable to that in the equatorial region; the seasonal distribution of the net heat flux in the North Indian Ocean shows a bimodal distribution with the peak in spring being larger than that in autumn. In recent years, the heat loss in the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Aden decreases, the heat loss in the Bay of Bengal increases, and the heat gain in the equatorial zone has a decreasing trend. The seasonal, interannual and interdecadal variations of the net heat flux in the heat-losing areas of the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the Gulf of Aden are mainly determined by latent and sensible heat, and the heat loss in the Gulf of Aden in summer is also related to longwave radiation. The net heat flux anomaly field in winter is decomposed into three independent modes with the cumulative contribution up to 53. 87%, and the first mode is the main mode with interdecadal variation characteristics of heat loss reduction in the heat loss zone of the Arabian Sea and heat loss increase in the heat loss zone of the Bay of Bengal. The cumulative contribution of the three modes of the summer net heat flux anomaly field is 57. 42%, and the first mode is the dominant mode, with consistent heat gain across the North Indian Ocean and the strongest interdecadal variation in the western part of the tropical Indian Ocean.更多还原