【摘要】 以胶乳海绵为基体，将海绵在气凝胶前驱体溶液中挤压浸渍，充分吸收溶胶，经老化、超临界干燥后获得具有优良隔热能力的柔性SiO₂气凝胶/胶乳海绵复合材料。表征并分析了复合材料的微观结构和性能，研究了甲基三甲氧基硅烷（MTMS）的含量对隔热能力的影响，进一步探索浸渍次数对隔热及力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：当MTMS的含量（体积分数）为10%时，复合材料具有最小的导热系数。另外，在多次的浸渍处理下气凝胶布满胶乳海绵的表面和内部孔隙，成功制备出了机械性能良好、导热率达到0.038 W·（m·K）^-1的SiO₂气凝胶/胶乳海绵复合隔热材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using latex sponge as the matrix, the sponge was impregnated by extrusion in the aerogel precursor solution to fully absorb the sol, and the flexible SiO₂ aerogel/latex sponge composite with excellent thermal insulation capability was obtained after aging and supercritical drying. In this study, the microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal conductivity and other aspects of the composites were characterized and analyzed. Not only the influence of methyltrimethoxysilane（MTMS） content on the thermal insulation ability, but also the thermal insulation and mechanical properties of immersion times were further explored. According to the research results, when the dispersion concentration of MTMS is 10%（volume fraction）, the composite sample has the lowest thermal conductivity. In addition, the aerogel covered the surface and internal pores of the latex sponge under multiple impregnation treatments, and a SiO₂ aerogel/latex sponge composite thermal insulation material with good mechanical properties and a thermal conductivity of 0.038 W·（m·K）^-1 was successfully prepared.更多还原