【摘要】 为摸清贺兰山东麓产区酿酒葡萄关键生育期降水特征，根据1981—2020年贺兰山东麓国家气象站降水资料，采用气候倾向率法、Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验法、滑动t检验法和Morlet小波分析法，对近40年贺兰山东麓降水变化特征进行分析。结果表明：（1）贺兰山东麓产区年降水量总体呈增长趋势。葡萄新梢生长期降水呈下降趋势，在1992年和2009年出现突变；果实膨大期和转色成熟期呈增加趋势，未发生突变；年际生长季降水量和降水日数均表现为由南向北递减的趋势。（2）贺兰山东麓产区全年和生长季暴雨量和暴雨日数呈增加趋势，新梢生长期大雨日数呈减少趋势，果实膨大期大雨和暴雨日数增加；转色成熟期小雨日数变化最为明显。（3）产区降水量存在28年周期震荡，而葡萄关键生育期存在10年周期性震荡，降水量减少的虚线等值线在2020年均未闭合，此后一段时间产区将处于降水偏少期。分析所得贺兰山东麓产区酿酒葡萄关键生育期的降水时空分布特征，为产区气候变化适应和葡萄园水分管理提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to map the precipitation characteristics of the eastern foot of Helan Mountains in the critical growth period of wine grapes, according to the precipitation data of the national meteorological stations in the eastern foot of Helan Mountains from 1981 to 2020, using the climate propensity rate method, the Mann-Kendall nonparametric statistical test, the sliding t-test, and Morlet wavelet analysis, precipitation variation characteristics in the eastern foot of Helan Mountains was analyzed in the last 40 years. The results showed that:(1) The annual precipitation in the eastern foot of Helan Mountains has generally increased in the last 40 years. There was a decreasing trend of precipitation during the new growth period of grapes, mutations in 1992 and 2009; there was an increasing trend in fruit expansion and color change periods, no mutations have occurred; both annual and growing season precipitation and days of precipitation showed a decreasing trend from south to north.(2) Increase in the amount and number of days of heavy rainfall throughout the year and growing season in the eastern foot of Helan Mountains production area, reduction in the number of heavy rain days during the new growth period, increase in the number of days of heavy and stormy rains during fruit expansion. The variation in the number of light rain days was most pronounced during the transition to color maturity.(3) There was a 28 year-cycle oscillation of precipitation in the production area, and the presence of ten years cyclic oscillations in the critical growth period of grapevine. The dashed contours of precipitation reduction were not even closed in 2020, and the production area would be in a period of low precipitation thereafter. This paper analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of precipitation for each key growth period of wine grapes in the eastern foot of Helan Mountains appellation to provide a reference basis for precipitation mechanisms, climate change adaptation and vineyard water management in the eastern foot of Helan Mountains appellation.更多还原