【摘要】 为开发出辛酰溴苯腈新剂型，提高其防治效果，降低施用量，本研究以聚羟基丁酸酯（PHB）为壁材，辛酰溴苯腈为芯材，三氯甲烷为溶剂，聚乙烯醇（PVA）为乳化剂，采用溶剂蒸发法制备微胶囊，通过单因素及L₉（3⁴）正交设计试验确定其最佳制备工艺，测定其载药量、包封率、粒径及分布、缓释性能和除草活性。试验结果表明，辛酰溴苯腈微胶囊最佳制备工艺条件为芯壁材质量比为1∶5，油水体积比为1∶5,PVA质量分数为2%，剪切速率为12 000 r/min，其制备的微胶囊中位粒径D₅₀值为24.82μm，分散均匀，载药量为18.38%，包封率达91.90%。该微胶囊释放性能良好，148 h累积释放率达83%；辛酰溴苯腈微胶囊有效成分360 g/hm²药后7 d对藜的株防效为95.83%，与商用乳油制剂有效成分450 g/hm²的株防效无显著差异。制备的辛酰溴苯腈微胶囊能有效减少辛酰溴苯腈使用量。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to develop new formulations of bromoxynil octanoate,improve its control effect and reduce the application amount,bromoxynil octanoate microcapsules were prepared by solvent evaporation method with polyhydroxybutyrate （PHB） as wall material,bromoxynil octanoate as core material,chloroform as solvent,polyvinyl alcohol（PVA） as emulsifier and dispersant.The optimal preparation process was determined by single factor and L₉（3⁴） orthogonal design test.The drug loading,encapsulation rate,particle size and distribution,slow release performance and herbicidal activity were determined.The test results showed that when core wall material mass ratio,oil-water volume ratio,PVA mass fraction,shear rate of bromoxynil octanoate microcapsules were 1∶5,1∶5,2%and 12 000 r/min,respectively,the median particle size D₅₀value was 24.82μm,the drug loading was 18.38%,and the encapsulation rate was 91.90%.The release performance of the microcapsules were good,and the accumulative release rate reached 83%after 148 h.The plant control efficiency of bromoxynil octanoate microcapsules with effective ingredient 360 g/hm²at 7 d was 95.83%,which was not significantly different from that of commercial emulsion preparation with effective ingredient 450 g/hm².The developed microcapsules could effectively reduce the amount of bromoxynil octanoate.更多还原