【摘要】 葡萄(Vitis vinfera)是世界四大水果之一，其优良栽培很大程度上取决于嫁接。嫁接不仅能提高果树的抗性，而且也影响着果实品质。为探究不同砧木对’阳光玫瑰’葡萄果实品质及糖异生(gluconeogenesis)相关基因表达的影响，筛选出江浙地区综合品质优良的砧穗组合。本研究以嫁接在12种砧木上的’阳光玫瑰’为样本，测定其果实的品质指标，并对磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, PEPCK)、丙酮酸磷酸二激酶(pyruvate phosphate dikinase, PPDK)、果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶(fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, FBP)和甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, GAPDH)基因的表达进行实时荧光定量PCR分析。结果表明，12种砧木嫁接均不同程度地影响了’阳光玫瑰’果实品质，特别是氨基酸、可溶性糖和有机酸含量。在12种砧穗组合中，’8B’砧嫁接’阳光玫瑰’后其果实的大小和硬度最大，’1103P’、’5BB’砧嫁接后果实固酸比最大，’贝达’砧嫁接后果肉中各种氨基酸含量均最高；’101-14’、’5BB’砧嫁接’阳光玫瑰’后果实中的葡萄糖、果糖含量最高，而’3309C’砧木嫁接’阳光玫瑰’后，果实中葡萄糖、果糖含量在12种砧穗组合中较低，但酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸等酸类物质的含量较高。砧木嫁接对糖异生相关基因的表达均有影响，但对PEPCK基因表达的影响最大，’101-14’砧嫁接’阳光玫瑰’后果实中PEPCK、PPDK、FBP和GAPDH的表达水平最高。同时，不同砧穗组合的葡萄糖、果糖含量与PEPCK的表达量呈显著正相关，推测不同砧木影响葡萄果实中PEPCK基因的调控，从而影响糖分的积累。主成分分析法综合排名前三的砧穗组合依次是8B/SM、Beda/SM和K3/SM。本研究为优质砧木筛选提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Grapes(Vitis vinfera) are one of the four major fruits in the world, and their excellent cultivation depends to a large extent on grafting, which not only improves the resistance of the fruit trees, but also influences the fruit quality. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different rootstocks on the fruit quality and the expression of gluconeogenesis related genes in ’Shine Muscat’ grapes, and to screen out rootstock combinations with excellent overall quality in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions. In this study,samples of ’Shine Muscat’ grapes grafted on 12 rootstocks were used to determine various quality indicators and to analyze the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PEPCK), pyruvate phosphate dikinase(PPDK), fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase(FBP) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH) genes by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that grafting of 12 rootstocks affected the quality index of ’Shine Muscat’ grapes to varying degrees, especially the content of amino acids and sugar-acid fractions. Among the 12 rootstock combinations, ’8B’ rootstock grafted on ’Shine Muscat’ gave the largest fruit size and hardness, ’1103P’ and ’5BB’ rootstocks grafted on ’Shine Muscat’ gave the largest fruit solid-acid ratio, and ’Beda’ rootstock grafted on ’Shine Muscat’ gave the highest content of various amino acids in the fruit; ’101-14’ and ’5BB’ rootstocks had the highest glucose and fructose contents in the fruit after grafting’Shine Muscat’, while ’3309C’ rootstock grafted ’Shine Muscat’ had the lower glucose and fructose contents in the fruit among the 12 rootstock combinations, but the content of acids such as tartaric acid, malic acid and citric acid was higher. Rootstock grafting had an effect on the expression of sugar anabolism-related genes, but it had the greatest effect on the expression of PEPCK gene, and the expression levels of PEPCK, PPDK, FBP and GAPDH were the highest in fruits of ’Shine Muscat’ grafted on ’101-14’ rootstock. The expression of PEPCK genes in different rootstock combinations was significantly and positively correlated with glucose and fructose content, and it was hypothesized that different rootstocks affect the regulation of PEPCK gene in grape flesh, thus affecting conversion of organic acids to sugars and eventually the sugar accumulation. The top 3 rootstock combinations ranked in order by principal component analysis were 8B/SM, Beda/SM, and K3/SM. This study provides a theoretical basis for quality rootstock selection.更多还原