【摘要】 为探究精子活力与睾丸和附睾组织对种公鸡基因表达的影响，本研究选取精子活力存在显著差异的海兰褐种公鸡8只(高活力4只，低活力4只),屠宰后采集其睾丸和附睾组织进行转录组测序。利用DESeq2的双因素模块筛选不同精子活力组间和不同组织间的差异表达基因，并进行功能富集分析。结果表明：1)2个组织高精子活力和低精子活力组间的差异表达基因有112个；在高精子活力组高表达的基因有32个，低精子活力组高表达的基因有80个。高低精子活力间差异表达基因显著富集于细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用、产生IgA的肠道免疫网络和甘油磷脂代谢3条通路，其中CTRP3、TDRD5、KATNAL2、SOCS3和CSF3等差异表达基因可能是调控鸡精子活力的重要基因。2)睾丸和附睾组织间鉴定出9 212个差异表达基因，在睾丸组织高表达的基因有5 206个，在附睾组织中高表达的基因有4 006个。睾丸特异性高表达基因显著富集在细胞周期、细胞核质转运、减数分裂和甘油磷脂代谢等8条通路，其中YTHDC2、MEIG1、GTSF1、JAM3和SFMBT1等差异表达基因在精子发生过程中发挥着重要作用。在附睾组织高表达的基因参与了MAPK信号通路、紧密连接、谷胱甘肽代谢等信号通路，ACE和MMEL1是附睾中发挥作用的关键基因。综上，不同组织和精子活力对种公鸡繁殖相关基因的表达都有影响，为进一步探究影响种公鸡繁殖性能的分子调控机制奠定基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore the effects of sperm motility and testis and epididymal tissues on gene expression in Hyline Brown breeder roosters, eight Hyland Brown breeding roosters with significantly different sperm motility(four with high motility and four with low motility) were selected and their testis and epididymal tissues were collected for transcriptome sequencing after slaughter. The differentially expressed genes between different sperm motility groups and different tissues were screened using the two-factor module of DESeq2, and functional enrichment analysis was performed. The results showed that: 1) 112 differentially expressed genes were found between the high and low sperm motility groups in the two tissues; 32 genes were highly expressed in the high sperm motility group and 80 genes were highly expressed in the low sperm motility group. The differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, intestinal immune network for IgA production, and glycerolipid metabolism, among which CTRP3, TDRD5, KATNAL2, SOCS3 and CSF3 may be important genes regulating sperm motility in chickens. 2) 9 212 differentially expressed genes were identified between testis and epididymis tissues. The number of genes that were highly expressed in testis tissues was 5 206 and 4 006 genes were highly expressed in epididymal tissues. The testis-specific highly expressed genes were significantly enriched in eight pathways including cell cycle, nucleocytoplasmic transport, oocyte meiosis and glycerophospholipid metabolism ect, with differentially expressed genes such as YTHDC2, MEIG1, GTSF1, JAM3 and SFMBT1 playing an important role in spermatogenesis. Genes highly expressed in epididymal tissues were involved in signalling pathways such as MAPK signalling pathway, tight junctions, glutathione metabolism, etc. ACE and MMEL1 were the key genes that played a role in the epididymis. In summary, it was shown that different tissues and sperm motility have an effect on the expression of genes related to reproduction in breeding roosters, laying the foundation for further investigation into the molecular regulatory mechanisms affecting breeding performance in breeding roosters.更多还原