【摘要】 为使公交到站时间符合计划时刻表，该文统筹考虑实时路网状态及客流需求，建立电动公交调度双阶段协同优化模型。路网轻微拥堵时，构建以提高公交服务水平与降低运营成本为目标，以电动公交续航里程与充电时间为约束的优化模型，运用非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)求解，得出优化后发车间隔；路网严重拥堵时，构建全程车与区间车组合调度模型，运用模拟退火算法求解，得出组合调度发车时刻表。基于北京市361路运营数据对模型进行验证。结果表明，在满足客流需求且不增加运营成本的前提下，该文模型能够显著提升乘客满意度，公交准点率提高82.38%,乘客平均候车时间减少182.2 s。更多还原

【Abstract】 To ensure that the arrival time of public transportation conforms to the planned timetable, a two-stage collaborative optimization model is established for electric bus scheduling taking into account the real-time network status and passenger flow needs. When the road network is slightly congested, an optimization model is constructed to improve the bus service level and reduce the operation cost with the constraints of battery range and charging time, and the optimized departure interval is obtained by using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ)algorithm; when the road network is seriously congested, the combined dispatching model of whole journey bus and shuttle bus is constructed and solved by simulated annealing algorithm to obtain the combined departure schedule. The model is verified based on the operation data of Beijing No. 361 route. The results show that the bus punctuality rate is increased by 82.38% and the average waiting time of passengers is reduced by 182.2 s. On the premise of meeting the passenger demand and not increasing the operation cost, the model can significantly improve the passenger satisfaction and the bus service level.更多还原