【摘要】 针对飞机结冰情况下的冰孔隙率测量问题，提出并评估了一种基于动态小波指纹技术的超声波孔隙率测量方法。通过理论模型和有限元仿真分析了超声纵波的传播过程，阐述了孔隙大小等因素对孔隙率测量的影响机理。结合20块冰样品的60组超声波测量数据，生成了小波指纹图像，并提取了11维关键特征。基于主成分分析和多项式拟合，所实现的孔隙率测量均方根误差（Root mean square error, RMSE）达到1.144%，说明本文方法比传统的峰值拟合方法更稳定、准确。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to cope with the problem of ice porosity measurement in aircraft icing scenarios, an ultrasonic porosity measurement method based on dynamic wavelet fingerprint technology is proposed and evaluated. The propagation process of ultrasonic longitudinal waves is analyzed by theoretical model and finite element simulation, and the mechanism of the influence of pore size and other factors on porosity measurement is illustrated. Combined with 60 sets of ultrasonic measurement data of 20 ice samples, wavelet fingerprint images are generated, and 11-D key features are extracted. Based on the principal component analysis and polynomial fitting, the realized porosity measurement root mean square error(RMSE) reached 1.144%, which shows the proposed method is more stable and accurate than the traditional peak fitting method.更多还原