【摘要】 生物质发电是实现“碳达峰、碳中和”的重要途径，形成良好的供应链体系是生物质发电产业持续发展的关键因素。传统的收储优化通常从供应链各节点的变量优化入手，而未考虑秸秆资源的空间分布，未细化各收储站收购时间段的约束，未对秸秆资源作精细化时空调配。为使生物质直燃发电供应链中的收储站建设成本及运输成本最小化，文章基于秸秆的空间分布建立了一个整数非线性单目标优化模型，利用遥感地物提取及数学规划求解的方法进行收储站的选址及秸秆生产旺季各中间商收购范围的划定。以中国某两座生物质发电厂作为模型应用实例，将优化后的站点位置及收购范围可视化，并进行敏感性分析，结果表明，对于华北地区装机容量为25～30 MW的生物质发电厂，其收储站距电厂8～25 km为最优，旺季预留库存量在2 000～3 000 t为宜。更多还原

【Abstract】 Biomass power generation is an important way to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Forming a good supply chain system is a key factor for the sustainable development of biomass power generation industry. The traditional purchase and storage scheme optimization usually starts with the variable optimization of each node in the supply chain, without considering the spatial distribution of straw resources, without refining the constraints of the acquisition time period of each storage station, and without fine space-time allocation of straw resources. In order to minimize the construction cost and transportation cost of storage stations in the supply chain of biomass direct-fired power generation,an integer nonlinear single objective optimization model is established based on the spatial distribution of straw. The methods of remote sensing feature extraction and mathematical programming are used to locate the storage stations and delimit the purchase scope of middlemen in the peak season of straw production. Taking two biomass power plants in China as an example of model application, the optimized site location and acquisition range are visualized, and the sensitivity analysis is carried out. The results show that for biomass power plants with installed capacity of 25～30 MW in North China, it is optimal that the storage stations are located within 8～25 km from the power plant, and the reserved stock in peak season is 2 000～3 000 t.更多还原