【摘要】 自林奈建立杨属（Populus）以来，众多的学者对杨属的分类进行了研究，并建立了较多的分类系统。目前的国际杨属分类，总体上还停留在传统形态分类阶段，存在明显的地域和国别特征。尽管各国在主流上都采用“属—组—种”的分类阶元，但在种、亚种、变种的划分上，却存在很大的不同。中国和美国分别是细分派和聚合派的代表，两国的分类系统存在很大分歧，但各有优点和缺点。即使在国内，杨属分类也还有很多需要解决的问题。新兴的分子系统学研究，为杨属的分类修订提供了一些有益参考，但总体贡献不大。国际杨属分类的趋势和终极目标是建立基于系统发生的统一分类系统。这需要基于种群和综合物种概念，融合形态学、生态学、生物地理学、基因组生物信息学和进化生物学等的综合系统分类来实现。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since Linnaeus established the genus Populus, many taxonomic studies have been carried out about it and some taxonomic systems have been proposed, while the taxonomy of Populus is still in the stage of traditional morphological classification around the world. Although the taxonomic hierarchy of ’genus-sectionspecies’ is adopted in many countries, in which has Populus plant distributed, there are great differences in the classification of species, subspecies and varieties. The taxonomists of China and the United States are the representatives of splitter and lumper respectively, and there is a huge gap in poplar classification between them, but each has advantages and disadvantages. Even in China, there are still many problems to be solved.The existing phylogenetic studies about the genus Populus provide useful information to taxonomic revision, but the actual contribution is small yet. The ultimate aim on poplar classification is to establish a unified taxonomic system based on phylogeny in the world. It requires a comprehensive classification based on both population and the concepts of integrated species, which integrates morphology, ecology, biogeography, genomic bioinformatics and evolutionary biology.更多还原