【摘要】 目的 探究甘肃省利福平耐药结核病（RRTB）患者筛查的主要影响因素，为更针对性地完善和加强甘肃省耐药结核病防控提供科学依据。方法 收集2016-2020年甘肃省结核病登记系统的相关数据，包括不同年度甘肃省RRTB患者数、药物敏感性诊断时间及病原学诊断结果等。采用SPSS 26.0统计软件分析结核病病原学阳性率时间趋势和利福平耐药诊断时间间隔趋势等指标。结果 2016-2020年，甘肃省共发现RRTB患者1 404例，RRTB患者发现数和发现率显著增加，2020年病原学阳性率和耐多药肺结核高危人群耐药筛查率分别增加了46.55%和70.88%。病原学阳性率和耐多药肺结核高危人群耐药筛查率在甘肃省14个市（州）间差异较大，RRTB患者开展氟喹诺酮检测率较低。甘肃省耐药诊断时间间隔缩短明显，从2016年的114 d缩短至2020年的28 d。结论 甘肃省RRTB的筛查水平明显改善，但RRTB的发现率仍然较低，RRTB患者开展氟喹诺酮类药敏检测比例较低，且耐药诊断时间较长。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the main factors influencing the screening of patients with rifampicin resistant tuberculosis(RRTB) in Gansu Province, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving and strengthening the prevention and control of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a more targeted manner. Methods All data analyzed in this study were collected from 2016 to 2020 in the National Tuberculosis Information Management System, including both the estimated number and actual number of RRTB patients of different years, the time and detection method in drug sensitivity diagnosis, as well as the results of pathogenic diagnosis. The time trend and time interval trend of rifampicin resistance diagnosis were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 statistical software. Results During 2016-2020, 1 404 RRTB patients were detected. The pathogenic positive rate and the drug resistance screening rate of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB) highrisk population increased 46.55% and 70.88% in 2020, respectively. However, significant differences were also observed among 14 different cities of Gansu Province in the pathogen positive rate and the drug resistance screening rate of the MDR-TB high-risk population. In addition, the proportion of drug sensitivity tests of fluoroquinolones(FQs)carried out by RRTB patients was relatively low. The time interval of drug resistance diagnosis had also been shortened from 114 days in 2016 to 28 days in 2020. Conclusion Although the level of screening for RRTB in Gansu Province were improved significantly, the detection rate of RRTB was still low, the proportion of RRTB patients carrying out FQs for drug sensitivity also low, and the time for drug resistance diagnosis was long.更多还原