【摘要】 [目的]对杨树生长表型性状进行全基因组选择研究并且实现早期选择具有重要的意义。[方法]以母本丹红杨（美洲黑杨）和父本通辽1号杨（小叶杨）及其杂交F1代为材料，在田间进行施肥和不施肥处理，测定了生长表型性状（地径、株高、茎生物量）。利用3个全基因组选择模型gBLUP、sBLUP、cBLUP和364个基因型的表型观测值对502个基因型进行预测育种值。[结果]丹红杨的茎生物量在高氮和低氮条件下分别比通辽1号杨提高了20倍和33倍。gBLUP对生长表型性状预测结果准确性接近于1,sBLUP预测结果的准确性范围是0.5～0.9,cBLUP预测结果的准确性小于0.2。研究结果表明gBLUP模型预测的结果最准确，cBLUP预测的结果最差。利用gBLUP模型计算的茎生物量育种值把杂交群体划分为双高效型、双低效型、低氮高效型、高氮高效型共4个类型。筛选出优良的基因型16-1-16、16-1-194、13-116、13-73、13-481、13-268、13-286、13-566、13-173、13-578、16-1-65、13-242、16-1-189、13-40、13-608、16-1-170、16-1-22、13-237、13-272、13-335。[结论]丹红杨和通辽1号杨的生长表型性状差异显著。全基因组选择研究结果帮助我们完成了杨树育种工作的早期选择，减少了表型测定成本，提高了育种效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To study the genomic selection of poplar growth traits and complete early selection.[Method] The female parent Populus deltoides ’Danhong’, the male parent Populus simonii ’Tongliao 1’,and 362 F1 generations were used to determine the growth traits(ground diameter, plant height, and stem biomass) under treatments with fertilization and no fertilization in the field. Three genome-wide selection models, gBLUP, sBLUP, cBLUP, and phenotypic observations of 364 clones were used to predict breeding values for 502 genotypes. [Results] The stem biomass of ’Danhong’ increased by 20 times and 33times compared to ’Tongliao 1’ under high-and low-nitrogen conditions, respectively. The accuracy of gBLUP prediction for growth traits was close to 1, the accuracy of sBLUP prediction ranged from 0.5 to 0.9,and the accuracy of cBLUP prediction was less than 0.2. The results showed that the gBLUP model predicted the best and the cBLUP predicted the worst. The hybrid population based on the breeding values of stem biomass calculated from the gBLUP model could be classified into four types: double high-efficiency type, double low-efficiency type, low nitrogen high-efficiency type, and high nitrogen high-efficiency type.The excellent clones 16-1-16, 16-1-194, 13-116,13-73, 13-481, 13-268, 13-286, 13-566, 13-173, 13-578,16-1-65, 13-242, 16-1-189, 13-40, 13-608, 16-1-170, 16-1-22, 13-237, 13-272, and 13-335 were identified.[Conclusion] There are significant differences in growth phenotypic traits between ’Danhong’ and ’Tongliao1’. The results help us complete the early selection of poplar breeding work, reduce the cost of phenotype determination, and improve breeding efficiency.更多还原