【摘要】 [背景]对羟基苯甲酸酯（PBs）是一类广泛使用的防腐剂，作为新型环境内分泌干扰物，具有一定生殖毒性和发育毒性，被怀疑为环境致肥因子。[目的]评估10岁学龄儿童尿中5种PBs暴露负荷及其与肥胖指标的关联。[方法]以“射阳小型出生队列”参与10岁随访的471名儿童作为研究对象。问卷调查儿童的人口学信息、运动情况、膳食摄入等信息，采集儿童尿样并测量儿童身高、体重和腰围等体格指标，计算经年龄性别校正的体重指数Z评分（BMI-Z评分）。应用气相色谱-串联质谱法（GC-MS/MS）测定儿童尿样中对羟基苯甲酸甲酯（MeP）、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯（EtP）、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯（PrP）、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯（BuP）和对羟基苯甲酸苄酯（BzP）5种PBs浓度。采用广义线性模型（GLM）和贝叶斯核函数回归模型（BKMR）分别分析PBs单一/混合暴露与儿童BMI-Z评分和腰围的关联。[结果]儿童尿中5种PBs检出率范围为78.98%～98.94%，浓度几何均值范围为0.31～5.43μg·L-1。10岁儿童BMI-Z评分和腰围的均值（标准差）分别为0.56(1.40)和67.62(10.07)cm。GLM结果显示儿童尿中BzP浓度与其腰围（b=–0.08,95%CI：–0.14～–0.02,P=0.01）呈负相关。性别分层分析发现，男童尿中BzP分别与BMI-Z评分（b=–0.59,95%CI：–0.88～–0.30,P <0.001）以及腰围（b=–0.80,95%CI：–1.23～–0.37,P <0.001）呈负相关；未在女童中观察到显著关联。BKMR结果同样发现儿童尿中BzP浓度与其BMI-Z评分和腰围呈负相关，与GLM结果具有一致性。[结论]本研究发现PBs在研究地区10岁儿童体内暴露普遍，PBs暴露对10岁儿童肥胖指标存在潜在影响并具有性别差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Background] Parabens, a widely used class of preservatives, are suspected to be potential obesogens as emerging endocrine disrupting chemicals with reproductive and developmental toxicity.[Objective] To analyze five urinary parabens(PBs) and estimate the associations of exposure to PBs with adiposity measures in 10-year-old school-age children.[Methods] A total of 471 school-age children aged 10 years from the Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort were enrolled in this study. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect socio-demographic information, physical activity, and dietary intake. Weight, height, and waist circumference of children were measured, and age-and sex-adjusted body mass index(BMI-Z score) was calculated. Spot urine samples were collected during the follow-up visits. Urinary concentrations of five PBs including methyl-paraben(Me P), ethyl-paraben(Et P), propyl-paraben(Pr P), butylparaben(Bu P), and benzyl-paraben(Bz P) were detected by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(GC-MS/MS). Generalized linear models(GLMs) and Bayesian kernel machine regression(BKMR) models were applied to estimate associations of individual/overall urinary PBs concentrations with BMI Z-score and waist circumference.[Results] The positive rates of selected five urinary PBs were in the range from 78.98% to 98.94%. The urinary PBs concentrations(geometric mean) were in the range of 0.31-5.43 μg·L-1. The children’s BMI Z-score and waist circumference(mean ± standard deviation) were(0.56±1.40) and(67.62±10.07) cm respectively. The GLMs results showed that the urinary Bz P concentration was negatively associated with waist circumference(b=-0.08, 95%CI:-0.14,-0.02; P=0.01). In sex-stratified analysis, the urinary concentration of Bz P was negatively associated with BMI-Z score(b=-0.59, 95%CI:-0.88,-0.30; P < 0.001) and waist circumference(b=-0.80, 95%CI:-1.23,-0.37; P < 0.001) in boys, but not in girls. The BKMR results also found significant negative correlations of urinary Bz P concentrations with BMI-Z score and waist circumference, which were consistent with the GLM results.[Conclusion] The selected 10-year-old children are extensively exposed to PBs in the study area. Furthermore, childhood PBs exposure may have potential impacts on childhood adiposity measures with sex-specific effects.更多还原