【摘要】 随着后发企业进入后追赶阶段，可持续追赶逐渐成为后发企业关注的焦点问题。社会-技术系统观下，后发企业的成长取决于其技术子系统与行政子系统的发展状况。因此，如何改善企业子系统发展水平以及实现子系统间的协调发展是后发企业实现整体能力持续积累以及可持续追赶的关键。鉴于此，本研究聚焦于技术与管理两个维度，通过采用案例研究法追踪三家中国制造业企业的追赶过程来解析后发企业改善其子系统以及实现可持续追赶的机制。研究发现：第一，后发企业的追赶行动受制于其子系统发展情况，其内部技术系统与行政系统发展缓慢引致技术与管理滞后，进而制约企业实施可持续追赶。具体体现为生产设备与生产线、研发软件与工具等技术系统方面发展缓慢，并直接制约了技术能力的持续积累；人员管理、组织结构等行政系统滞后，并直接制约了管理能力的持续积累。第二，后发企业可以通过开展技术学习与管理学习改善子系统滞后性进而实现能力的可持续积累，主要体现为企业通过开展技术学习从生产、产品开发、技术研发等环节改善其技术系统的滞后性并实现技术能力积累，以及通过开展管理学习从组织结构、人才培养、管理手段等方面改善其行政系统的滞后性并实现管理能力积累。第三，技术系统与行政系统相互影响，二者协同发展是后发企业实现能力积累以及可持续追赶的关键。具体体现为技术系统与行政系统的改善不但促进各自系统的发展，同时会推动另一方子系统的发展以及相应的能力积累。研究结论对于后发企业实施可持续追赶行动具有以下三点实践启示：第一，后发企业应该平衡其在技术学习与管理学习上的投入，以改善企业在技术系统与行政系统方面的滞后性，进而为企业的技术与管理追赶行动提供支持。第二，后发企业应该关注其技术系统与行政系统的协同发展，以实现企业整体系统的发展与能力提升，进而为实现可持续追赶奠定能力基础。第三，后发国家应该为企业开展管理学习提供有利的政策环境，以鼓励企业及早关注管理学习以改善企业所面临的行政系统滞后，进而为企业实现可持续追赶奠定管理基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the post-catch-up stage, achieving sustained catch-up has gradually become the focus of latecomers. Studies on social-technological system framework show that the development of an enterprise depends on its technical system and administrative system. Therefore, how to improve subsystems and realize the coordination are the keys for latecomers to achieve sustained development and catch-up. Given this, this study focuses on two dimensions including technology and management, and uses the case study method to analyze the mechanism for latecomers to improve their subsystems and achieve sustainable catch-up by tracking the catch-up process of three Chinese manufacturing enterprises. It is found that: first, the catch-up action is restricted by the development of latecomers’ subsystems which leads to technology and management lag. It is embodied in the slow development of technical systems including production equipment and production lines, research and development software and tools, which restrict latecomers’ technology capability, while administrative systems including personnel management and organizational structure lag behind, which directly restricts management capacity upgrading. Second, latecomers can improve their subsystems and achieve sustained capability accumulation by technology learning and managerial learning. It is mainly reflected in that enterprises improve technical system and realize technology capability accumulation in aspects of production, product development and technology research and development through technology learning, and improve administrative system and achieve management capacity accumulation through managerial learning in aspects of organizational structure, personnel training, management methods. Third, the technical system and administrative system influence each other, and their coordinated development is the key for latecomers to achieve capability accumulation and sustained catch-up. It is embodied in that the improvement of technical and administrative system and build the management basis.更多还原