【摘要】 目的:研究不同浓度镁离子(Mg²⁺)对人上颌窦黏膜干细胞（human maxillary sinus membrane stem cells, hMSMSCs）生物行为的影响。方法:体外提取hMSMSCs后利用流式细胞术和多向分化实验来鉴定其间充质干细胞特征，随后将细胞分别培养在0.8 mmol/L、1.8 mmol/L、2.8 mmol/L和5.8 mmol/L的Mg²⁺浓度下。通过CCK-8实验和Calcein AM/PI染色检测hMSMSCs的细胞黏附和增殖，采用罗丹明鬼笔环肽-DAPI染色评估细胞的黏附伸展。对成骨诱导培养后的hMSMSCs进行ALP活性、ALP染色和茜素红染色，同时利用qRT-PCR实验检测成骨相关生长因子的表达差异。结果:适宜浓度Mg²⁺能有效改善hMSMSCs的黏附、伸展和增殖。1.8 mmol/L Mg²⁺提高了hMSMSCs的ALP活性，并显著改善细胞外钙结节的形成并上调成骨相关基因的表达，而过高浓度的Mg²⁺相对抑制了hMSMSCs的成骨分化（P<0.05）。结论:适宜浓度的Mg²⁺（1.8 mmol/L）可以促进hMSMSCs的细胞骨架的伸展和黏附，并有利于增殖和成骨分化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the effects of different concentrations of magnesium ions(Mg²⁺) on the biological behavior of human maxillary sinus membrane stem cells（hMSMSCs）. Methods: hMSMSCs were extracted in vitro, and flow cytometry and multilineage differentiation experiments were conducted to identify their mesenchymal stem cell characteristics. Subsequently, the cells were cultured at concentrations of 0.8 mmol/L, 1.8 mmol/L, 2.8 mmol/L, and 5.8 mmol/L of Mg²⁺. Cell adhesion and proliferation of hMSMSCs were evaluated using CCK-8 assay and Calcein AM/PI staining, while cell adhesion extension was assessed using Rhodamine phalloidin-DAPI staining. ALP activity, ALP staining, and Alizarin Red staining were performed on hMSMSCs after osteogenic induction culture, and qRT-PCR experiments were conducted to detect the expression differences of osteogenic-related growth factors. Results: Optimal concentration of Mg²⁺ effectively improved cell adhesion, extension, and proliferation of hMSMSCs. 1.8 mmol/L Mg²⁺ enhanced ALP activity in hMSMSCs, significantly improved extracellular calcium nodule formation, and upregulated the expression of osteogenic-related genes. Conversely, excessively high Mg²⁺ concentrations inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hMSMSCs（P<0.05）. Conclusion: Appropriate concentration of Mg²⁺（1.8 mmol/L） promotes cell spreading and adhesion of hMSMSCs, facilitating proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.更多还原