【摘要】 针对真实土体中聚集气体的变化过程难以直接观察的问题，本研究通过基于Laponite RD透明土的可视化注气试验，分析了上覆土体高度和强度对地基中气体聚集、发展及地表隆起形变的影响。结果表明：(1)当上覆土体强度相比下层土体强度略大时，气体很容易突破上覆土体而逃逸，难以形成较大的气囊，此时即使增大上覆土体高度也不会使气体的聚集显著增加。(2)上覆土体高度和强度的增加，都会使气囊的聚集发展得更加充分，气囊宽度、气囊体积和地表土体形变均发生不同程度的增大，同时改变气囊高度随气囊发展相对时间的变化趋势。(3)当上覆土体高度超过一定大小时(h≥1.5 cm),气囊的最大气压主要受上覆土体强度的影响，强度越大则气囊最大气压越大，而高度对气囊最大气压的影响不大。(4)上覆土体强度对地表隆起宽度的影响相比于对隆起高度的影响更大。更多还原

【Abstract】 To solve the problem that it is difficult to directly observe the gas accumulation process in real soil, this study analyzed the effects of the height and strength of overlying soil on the gas accumulation, development and deformation of surface uplift by using a visual gas injection test based on Laponite RD transparent soil. The results show that:(1) When the strength of overlying soil is only slightly higher than that of the underlying soil, the gas can easily break through the overlying soil and escape, and it is difficult to form large gas. In this case, even increasing the height of overlying soil will not significantly increase the accumulation of gas.(2) With the increase of the height and strength of overlying soil, the accumulation of gas will be more fully developed, and the width, volume of gas and shape change of surface soil will increase in varying degrees, and the change trend of the height of gas with the relative time of gas development will be changed at the same time.(3)When the height of the overlying soil exceeds a certain size(h≥1.5 cm), the maximum pressure of gas is mainly affected by the strength of the overlying soil, the greater the strength, the greater the maximum pressure of gas, while the height of the overlying soil has little effect on the maximum pressure of gas.(4)The strength of overlying soil has a greater impact on the width of surface uplift than on the height of surface uplift.更多还原