【摘要】 伴随着经济资源日趋国际化，技术资源国际化属性也日益明显，国家竞争力优势来源在经济资源与技术资源间转换，对技术国际化现象的关注重要而紧迫。以2008—2018年欧洲专利局优先权专利为研究样本，讨论我国技术国际化水平对发达经济体技术外溢的影响，对国际专利数据进行去噪与填充，结合国际专利缺失值“填补”算法进行实证研究。研究发现：伴随着专利数据去噪与填补过程的逐渐推进，技术国际化始终对发达经济体国家技术外溢具有积极影响，当采用的专利数据“纯度”更高时，技术国际化对发达经济体技术外溢的影响更接近真实水平；此外，技术特征是观测技术外溢的重要环境条件，其中专利独特性水平、技术周期、显性技术优势等因素对技术外溢具有积极影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of new generation technologies such as driverless driving, smart city and the Internet of Things, technology has made the world closer. More and more countries have already been involved in international technical cooperation which is gradually universal, resulting in the increasingly prominent internationalization of technical resources. Especially after the outbreak of COVID-19, the task of technical cooperation among countries to achieve digital anti epidemic has become more urgent, and thus international technical cooperation becomes more profound and promotes the vigorous development of technological internationalization. Emerging economies are important participants in technology internationalization activities, and different from traditional trade internationalization activities. Emerging economies prefer to seek strategic assets such as technology in overseas investment markets. It is an important goal of their technology internationalization to obtain technology spillovers from developed economies and achieve innovation catch-up. Inspired by the structure of priority patents which make it possible to study the internationalization of emerging economies, this paper extends the research boundary of the internationalization of emerging economies in international business theory and points to the internationalization of technology. Furthermore, it also has vital practical significance. It adopts patent backward citation as the proxy index of international technology spillovers caused by technology internationalization, and the citation can better explain where knowledge is generated and where knowledge can be further established. Meanwhile, the study on technology internationalization can reveal the geographical center of international technological innovation. This study decomposes the internationalization measurement of emerging economies to the degree of patent cooperation at the technical level, which makes the internationalization research of emerging economies more explicit. Taking China as the representative country of emerging economies, this study defines the technology spillovers generated by developed economies as the flow of technological knowledge from developed economies to China. The standard for sample selection of developed economies is the international emerging market index released by Morgan Stanley Capital, and it includes 22 developed countries, such as Denmark, France, Germany and the United States. The patent backward citation between China and developed economies constitutes the research sample of this paper, and observation interval is from 2008 to 2018.The negative binomial regression model is used for empirical analysis; in this paper, the measurement of explanatory variables also adopts the priority patent inventor’s missing value filling algorithm proposed by Rassenfosse in 2013, with good operation accuracy and stability. This paper discusses whether China’s technology internationalization level will have an impact on the technology spillovers of developed economies it obtains. Since the international patent data is characterized by "noise" and missing values, scientific "de-noising" is combined with the international patent missing value "filling" algorithm proposed by Rassenfosse to promote empirical analysis. The results show that in the international circumstance of patent big data,with the gradual implementation of "denoising" and "filling" of patent data, technology internationalization always has a positive impact on technology spillovers in developed economies. The impact of technology internationalization on technology spillovers in developed economies is closer to the real level. When the "purity" of patent data is higher, technical characteristics provide an important environment for observing technology spillovers. Among them, the lag in patent granting, patent originality, patent technology cycle and patent dominant technology advantages all have a positive impact on technology spillovers. There are some breakthroughs in this study in the following aspects.(1) It discusses internationalization at the technical level, which reveals how technical knowledge breaks geographical boundaries, and brings it closer to the internal mechanism of a technology development.(2) This study observes priority patent, it can alleviate the interference of "partial bias" on the research results. Priority patent is an effective tool to prevent patent double counting, and it also provides a new idea for the research of technology internationalization.(3)This paper turns the source of international technology spillovers from trade internationalization to technology internationalization, which makes the forms of international technology spillovers more diversified.更多还原