【摘要】 葡萄叶片黄化严重影响葡萄果实的产量品质等经济性状，制约了葡萄产业的发展。为了厘清黄化现象的影响因素，将黄化现象发生原因主要分为病理性黄化和生理性黄化两大类。病理性黄化主要指植原体和病毒病引起的黄化，生理性黄化原因主要归纳为盐胁迫和碱胁迫。盐胁迫导致的叶片黄化主要由于单盐毒害作用降低叶绿素的合成引起，碱胁迫引起的黄化主要由于土壤碱性条件诱导NH4-和HCO3-积累造成植株中铁元素受阻引起。总结了叶片黄化对植株产生的影响、防治和矫正技术、葡萄抗缺铁生理机制以及抗缺铁品种的筛选成果，指出当前关于葡萄叶片黄化相关研究的不足。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous expansion of grape planting area, the leaf chlorosis of grape often occurs in China and other grape producing areas in the world, which seriously affects the yield and quality of grape fruits and seriously restricts the development of grape industry. The occurrence of this phenomenon is often affected by many factors. In this paper, the causes of chlorosis are mainly divided into two categories: pathological chlorosis and physiological chlorosis. The pathological chlorosis is mainly induced by phytoplasma and virus disease. The physiological chlorosis is mainly induced by salt stress and alkali stress.The chlorosis of leaves caused by salt stress was mainly due to the reduction of chlorophyll synthesis by the toxic effect of single salts, while the chlorosis caused by alkaline stress was mainly due to the blockage of iron transport in the plant caused by the accumulation of NO₃^- and HCO₃^- induced by alkaline soil conditions. In addition, this paper also summarizes the influence of the grape leaf chlorosis on plants, the prevention and correction techniques, the physiological mechanism of grape resistance to iron deficiency and the screening of varieties resistant to iron deficiency, and briefly summarizes the shortcomings of the current research on the grape leaf chlorosis, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the further research on the grape leaf chlorosis and the prevention and correction of chlorosis in grape production.更多还原