【摘要】 氮肥增效剂是提高氮肥利用率、减少氮环境排放的重要手段之一。通过文献分析，比较了硝化抑制剂、脲酶抑制剂、氨稳定剂、内生菌提取物ZNC、植物源硝化抑制剂(BNIs)等氮肥增效剂的作用和应用效果。硝化抑制剂、脲酶抑制剂、氨稳定剂在提高氮肥利用率、作物产量、农产品品质以及减少温室气体排放、氮损失等方面效果显著，ZNC和BNIs分别在增效、减排等方面具有特殊作用。提出按照减量增效、内生增效、整合增效深入推进氮肥增效剂的研究和应用，以生物源(如ZNC和BNIs)增效剂为主导，以物理性(如腐殖酸)增效剂为支撑，以化学性(如对苯二酚、双氰胺等)增效剂为辅助，积极推进增效剂向绿色、少量、高效转变。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nitrogen fertilizer synergist is one of the most important means to improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and reduce nitrogen environmental emission. Through literature analysis, the effects and application results of nitrogen fertilizer synergists such as nitrification inhibitors, urease inhibitors, ammonia stabilizers, endophytic fungus extract ZNC, and biological nitrification inhibitors(BNIs) are compared. Nitrification inhibitors, urease inhibitors, and ammonia stabilizers have significant effects on improving nitrogen fertilizer utilization, crop yield, product quality, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen losses. ZNC and BNIs have special effects on efficiency enhancement and emission reduction, respectively. It is proposed that the research and application of nitrogen fertilizer synergists should be further promoted according to the reduction, endogenous and integrated synergism. Taking the synergists from biological sources(such as ZNC and BNIs) as the key material, physical(such as humic acid) synergists as supporting material and chemical(such as hydroquinone, dicyandiamide, etc.) synergists as supplement material to actively promote the transformation of synergists to a greener product with lower dose usage and higher efficiency.更多还原