【摘要】 以焦作市第一污水厂2018—2021年进水的水量和水质参数为基础，计算了5个生态计量值，系统分析了污水厂的进水特征、季节与年际变化特点和影响因素的源解析。结果表明，进水水量和水质参数的均值分别达到设计值的101%和48%～94%,整体呈现高悬浮物、低碳和磷的进水水质特征。进水各参数和5个生态计量值在季节和年际的两个主效应因素上均达到显著（p<0.05）差异。秋季为微生物水处理的最佳季节；2018—2021年间，BOD₅、pH和BOD₅/COD呈显著（p<0.05）持续升高趋势，SS和SS/BOD₅呈显著（p<0.05）持续降低趋势。污水厂进水参数影响源为：碳源（21.7%）>氮源（20.7%）>悬浮物（14.6%）>水量（11.2%）>酸碱性（10.1%）。最后，根据因子重要性排序，得出污水厂在不同时段下的关键进水因子，并提出了针对性的有效控制措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the inflow parameters of water quantity and quality of the first sewage plant in Jiaozuo City from 2018 to 2021, five eco-metric values were calculated, and the inflow characteristics, seasonal and inter-annual changes, and source analysis of influencing factors of the sewage plant were systematically analyzed. The results indicated that the average values of the inflow water quantity and water quality parameters reach 101% and 48%～94% of the design values, respectively, presenting the overall characteristics of inflow water quality with high suspended solids and low carbon and phosphorus. Significant（p<0.05） differences were observed in the two main effect factors of seasonal and inter-annual water inflow parameters and five ecological measurement values. Autumn is the best season for microbial water treatment. From 2018 to 2021, BOD₅, pH, and BOD₅/COD showed significant（p<0.05） continuous increase trends, while SS and SS/BOD₅ showed significant（p<0.05） continuous decrease trends. The influencing sources of inflow parameters in sewage plants were ordered by carbon source（21.7%） >nitrogen source（20.7%） >suspended solids（14.6%） >water volume（11.2%） >acidity and alkalinity（10.1%）. Finally, based on the importance ranking of factors, the key inflow factors of the sewage plant at different time periods were identified, and targeted and effective control measures were proposed.更多还原