【摘要】 针对高磷铁矿脱磷提铁的难题，文中提出了球团气基还原联合高温熔分的工艺路线。通过化学分析、X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜-能谱（SEM-EDS）分析了高磷铁矿球团的组成成分、矿相结构、微观形貌，探究了不同还原气氛（CO、H₂）下球团的还原行为，并对金属化球团高温熔分获得低磷铁水的主要影响因素进行了研究。结果表明，鲕状高磷铁矿制备成球团，经过氧化焙烧后，原矿粉中的鲕粒结构被彻底破坏，球团中Fe²⁺含量为0.69%；当还原温度为1 173 K时，高磷铁矿球团在H₂气氛下的还原性优于CO气氛，而在较优条件50%H₂-50%N₂（体积分数）气氛下进行还原焙烧后，球团的金属化率可达90%。熔分过程中，向金属化球团中添加CaO有利于获得低磷铁水，当金属化球团中CaO添加比例为15%（质量比），熔分后可以获得磷含量为0.35%的铁水，且铁回收率为88%。更多还原

【Abstract】 For the problem of phosphorus removal from the high-phosphate iron ore, a process route of the gaseous reduction of the pellet combined with high-temperature melting separation was proposed. The composition,mineral phase, and micromorphology of high-phosphorus iron ore pellets were analyzed by chemical analysis,Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy（SEM-EDS）, and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The reduction behavior of pellets under different reducing atmospheres（CO, H₂） was analyzed. The major influencing factors for obtaining low-phosphorus molten iron by high-temperature melting of metalized pellets were investigated. The results show that the pellets could be prepared by oolitic high-phosphorus iron ore. After oxidation roasting, the oolitic structure in the original ore powder is destroyed, and the content of Fe²⁺ in the pellets is 0.69%. At the reduction temperature of 1 173 K, the reducibility of high-phosphate iron ore pellets under the H₂ atmosphere is better than that under the CO atmosphere. The metallization ratio of pellets could reach 90% under an N₂∶H₂=1∶1（volume ratio） atmosphere. In the melting separation process, the addition of CaO to the metalized pellets is beneficial to obtain low-phosphorus molten iron. Adding 15%（mass fraction） CaO to the metalized pellets could obtain molten iron with a phosphorus content of 0.35% and iron recovery of 88% after melting.更多还原