【摘要】 以Al3003铝和HC180钢的高速冲击连接工艺为研究对象，建立二维有限元算法(Finiteelementmethod,FEM)和光滑粒子算法(Smoothed particle hydrodynamics,SPH)耦合分析模型，研究冲击连接工艺参数对铝钢接头界面特征形成的影响规律。结果表明，随着冲击速度的增加，波形界面的波幅尺寸会随之增加；而随着冲击角度的增加，波形界面波幅则会先增加后趋于平稳甚至降低。同时通过对HC180钢/Al3003铝合金板材的箔片气化冲击焊接试验研究验证了模拟分析结果，并分析放电能量对连接界面形貌的影响规律。随着放电能量的增加，铝钢连接界面波幅增加；当放电能量达到8.4 kJ时，界面出现漩涡结构和嵌入两侧基材的颗粒。连接界面附近会发生明显的晶粒细化现象，且随着冲击角度增加，界面附近细晶区域的面积逐渐增加。界面温度场模拟结果表明漩涡内部产生较大温升，电子探针(Electronprobemicro-analysis,EPMA)分析结果表明漩涡内部产生了铝铁金属间化合物。金属间化物主要以颗粒的形式嵌入母材基体中或分布在界面漩涡结构内部，且随着初始冲击角度的增加，元素扩散加剧，嵌入颗粒尺寸与嵌入深度均有增加。更多还原

【Abstract】 The high-rate impact welding process of Al3003 aluminum and HC180 steel dissimilar metals is taken as the research object, and a coupling model of two-dimensional finite element(FEM) algorithm and smooth particle dynamics(SPH) algorithm is established to investigate the interface waveform formation. The results show that, the waveform amplitude of Al-steel impact joint interface increases with the increase of impact velocity. With the enlargement of impact angle, the amplitude of interface waveform increases first and then stabilizes or even decreases. The simulation results are verified by foil vaporization impact welding experiments, and the influence of discharge energy on the morphology of the Al-steel joint interface is analyzed. The interface waveform amplitude increases with the enhances of welding discharge energy. When the energy reaches 8.4 kJ, vortex structure and embedded particles appears at the interface. Obvious grain refinement will occur near the interface, and with the increase of impact angle, the area of fine grain region near the interface will gradually increase. The simulation analysis of the interface temperature field showed that, temperature rise in the vortex structure, and electron probe analysis(EPMA) results show that, the Al-steel intermetallic compounds generated in these zones. Intermetallic are mainly embedded in the base metal matrix in the form of particles or distributed in the interface vortex structure. With the increase of the initial impact angle, the element diffusion intensifies, and the embedded particle size and embedded depth increase.更多还原