【摘要】 区块链因其固有的防篡改、透明和可追溯等特性，被广泛地使用于对交易数据的可信管理上。目前，已经有大量的研究工作从共识算法、交易查询和溯源等方面对交易的可信管理进行了研究。为了方便后续的研究，论文对区块链实现交易数据可信管理相关的研究工作进行了梳理。首先，论文对区块链系统中确保去中心化环境下各节点间数据一致性的共识算法和便于数据管理的可信数据结构进行了分析；其次，对区块链系统上为实现交易可信查询的算法进行了梳理归纳，并对区块链在医疗数据、物联网和数据溯源上的应用分别进行了阐述；最后，针对目前区块链在交易可信管理方面的不足，分析和展望了未来的研究方向和面临的挑战。更多还原

【Abstract】 Blockchain is widely used for trusted management of transaction data due to its inherent tamper-proof,transparent and traceable characteristics. At present,a lot of research work has been carried out on the trusted management of transactions from the aspects of consensus algorithm,trusted query and provenance. In order to facilitate the follow-up research,this paper sorts out the research work related to the realization of data trust management by blockchain. First,this paper analyzes the consensus algorithm and authenticate data structure(ADS)to ensure data consistency between nodes in a decentralized environment. Then,the algorithm for realizing trusted query on the blockchain is summarized,and the applications of blockchain in medical data,Internet of Things(IoT)and data provenance are expounded respectively. Finally,in view of the current deficiencies of blockchain in transaction trust management,the future research directions and challenges are analyzed and prospected.更多还原