【摘要】 家蝇是多种人与动物疾病的传播媒介，化学防治是家蝇防治的重要手段之一，但杀虫剂抗性是家蝇化学防治的一大障碍。以往的研究表明，乙酰胆碱酯酶(由Ace基因编码)的某些点突变与家蝇对有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂抗性相关。在我国野外家蝇群中发现了可以导致抗药性的乙酰胆碱酯酶V260L、G342A、G342V和F407Y氨基酸置换，但对其进化起源模式尚缺乏认识。本研究采用基因片段测序的方法，获得了来自北京、山东、上海、广东4个省份的728头家蝇的Ace基因片段序列，从中鉴定出9种不同的Ace单倍型。分子系统树和网络图分析发现了V260L、G342A和F407Y突变的多起源性，4种三位点突变(L-A-Y)的单倍型源自两条不同的进化途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The house fly(Musca domestica) is a vector of numerous human and animal diseases. Insecticide resistance is an obstacle to the effective control of house flies. Previous studies have demonstrated that point mutations in acetylcholinesterase(AChE, encoded by the Ace gene) can confer resistance to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides. We previously observed the presence of four AChE mutations(V260L, G342A, G342V, and F407Y) in the field populations of house flies in China. However, little is known about the evolutionary origins of these insecticide resistance-related mutations. In this study, we identified nine haplotypes based on the sequences of the Ace gene fragment obtained by DNA sequencing from 728 individuals sampled from four provinces of China. Phylogenetic and network analyses indicate multiple origins of the resistance mutations V260L, G342A and F407Y, and the four triple-mutation(L-A-Y) haplotypes evolve from two different genetic backgrounds.更多还原