【摘要】 煤矸石和粉煤灰是主要的工业固体废物，含有一些与有机物或矿物质相关的营养物质。植被的恢复取决于矿区高质量的土壤。探讨浇灌木醋液（WV）和添加粉煤灰对煤矸石基质化学性质的影响，可为矿区新土体的构建和固体废弃物的资源化利用提供理论基础和数据支持。实验以混有煤矸石和生土的煤矸石基质为研究对象，分别添加比率为0、10%、20%和50%的粉煤灰，通过浇灌蒸馏水（DW）和WV进行室内培养。培养3个月后，对煤矸石基质和粉煤灰混合物（CGSFA）的养分和盐分特征进行分析。结果表明，与浇灌DW相比，粉煤灰的添加降低了CGSFA混合物的pH值，而浇灌WV增加了CGSFA混合物的pH值。粉煤灰的添加可以增加煤矸石基质的水溶性有机碳（DOC）、有效磷（AP）和速效钾（AK）的含量，降低总有机碳（TOC）和总氮（TN）的含量。与浇灌DW相比，浇灌WV使CGSFA混合物的TOC、DOC、易氧化碳（AOC）和AP的含量分别增加了19.3%、931.1%、228.1%和15.6%,TN和AK的含量分别下降了10.6%和35.1%。此外，粉煤灰的加入增加了煤矸石基质中K⁺、Ca²⁺和SO₄^2–的含量，降低了Na⁺的含量。浇灌WV增加了CGSFA混合物中Mg²⁺、HCO₃^–、Cl^–和SO₄^2–的含量，降低了K⁺和Na⁺的含量。总的来说，粉煤灰添加和浇灌WV可以改善煤矸石基质混合物的养分和盐分情况。考虑到HCO₃^–、Cl^–和SO₄^2–的积累，建议选择添加10%到20%的粉煤灰并且结合浇灌WV来构建矿区新土体。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coal gangue and fly ash are major industrial solid wastes containing some nutrients associated with organic or mineral matter.Vegetation restoration depends on high-quality soil in mining sites.Exploring the effects of wood vinegar （WV） irrigation and fly ash addition on the variation in chemical properties of the coal gangue substrate can provide a theoretical basis and data support for the reconstruction of mine soils and resource utilization of mine solid wastes.The indoor soil incubation experiment was conducted by adding fly ash at rates of 0,10%,20%and 50%to a coal gangue substrate mixed with coal gangue and raw soil.We analyzed the nutrients and salinity of the mixture of coal gangue substrate and fly ash （CGSFA） after irrigating distilled water （DW） and WV.The results showed that the addition of fly ash decreased the pH of the CGSFA mixture under DW irrigation,and WV irrigation increased the pH of the CGSFA mixture compared with DW irrigation.The addition of fly ash could increase the contents of dissolved organic carbon （DOC）,available phosphorus （AP） and available potassium （AK） and decrease the contents of total organic carbon （TOC） and total nitrogen （TN） of the coal gangue substrate.Compared with DW irrigation,WV irrigation increased the contents of TOC,DOC,active organic carbon （AOC） and AP of the CGSFA mixture by 19.3%,931.1%,228.1%and 15.6%and decreased the contents of TN and AK by 10.6%and35.1%,respectively.In addition,the addition of fly ash increased the contents of K⁺,Ca²⁺and SO₄^2–and decreased the Na⁺content in the coal gangue substrate.The irrigation of WV increased the contents of Mg²⁺,HCO₃^–,Cl^–and SO₄^2–of the CGSFA mixture and reduced the contents of K⁺and Na⁺.Overall,fly ash addition and WV irrigation can improve the nutrients and salinity of the mixture of the coal gangue substrate.Considering the accumulation of HCO₃^–,Cl^–and SO₄^2–,it is recommended to choose 10%to 20%fly ash addition to coal gangue substrate and irrigation with WV for the reconstruction of mine soils.更多还原