【摘要】 为探究设施水田适宜的小麦秸秆覆盖量，在大棚内采用塑料栽培箱种植蕹菜，设置小麦秸秆22.50 t/hm2、37.50 t/hm2两个覆盖量处理，以秸秆不覆盖为对照，各设3个重复，研究土表覆盖不同小麦秸秆量对夏秋茬蕹菜产量和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明，两处理小麦秸秆腐解率分别为67.48%、62.91%；两处理和对照折合每666.7 m2产量分别为8 624 kg、8 142 kg、8 025 kg；处理植株粗纤维含量显著下降，处理黄酮含量高于对照，提高植株品质；两处理植株全磷、全钾含量均高于对照。种植后两处理土壤有机碳含量较种植前分别上升4.29%、1.18%，对照下降5.01%，有效缓解了有机碳含量的下降；处理土壤硝酸盐含量下降，速效磷、速效钾含量上升，其中37.50 t/hm2覆盖较对照上升48.01%；种植后两处理土壤蔗糖酶活性均下降，但降幅明显低于对照，22.50 t/hm2覆盖处理的脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性均上升，说明小麦秸秆覆盖能改善土壤的酶活性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the optimal amount of wheat straw coverage in facility rice fields. Plastic cultivation boxes were utilized for water spinach planting inside a greenhouse, with wheat straw volumes of 22.50 t/ha and 37.50t/ha implemented as soil surface coverings in comparison to a control group without straw coverage. Three replicates were performed for each set. This study was conducted to study the effects of different soil straw mulching on the yield and soil fertility of summer and autumn water spinach. The results showed that the decomposing rates of wheat straw were 67.48% and 62.91% in 22.50 t/ha and 37.50 t/ha straw covering treatments, respectively. The total yield of the two treatments was higher than the control. The yield of the two treatments and control were 8 624,8 142, 8 025 kg, respectively. The content of flavonoids in treatment was higher than that in control, and the quality of plant was improved; the content of total phosphorus in both treated plants was higher than that in the treated plants. Post-harvest soil organic carbon content of the two treatments increased by 4.29% and 1.18%, respectively,and the control decreased by 5.01%, which effectively alleviated the decrease of organic carbon content caused by plant growth and absorption; the nitrate content of the treated soil decreased after planting. The content of available P and K increased, and the coverage of 37.50 t/ha increased by 48.01% compared with the control. The activity of invertase in the two treatments decreased after planting, but the decrease was significantly lower than that of the control22.50 t/ha. The urease and acid phosphatase activities increased, suggesting that wheat straw mulching can boost soil enzymatic activity.更多还原