【摘要】 扩大中等收入群体是我国收入分配政策执行的重要目标。实现我国中等收入群体为主“、橄榄型”的社会结构不仅是单维的收入增长问题，也涉及中等收入群体生活水平的提升与生活质量的改善。本研究在对已有中等收入群体界定标准及测度相关文献综合归纳的基础上，以生活质量法对中等收入群体进行界定与测算，并使用接受者操作特性曲线对比生活质量法与收入标准法，分析各自特点及具体适用场景，并讨论本研究的政策意涵。基于中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）2012—2018年的数据分析表明，我国中等收入群体规模和比例近年来逐步上升，2018年已有31.0%的家庭、约3.6亿人达到中等生活质量水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Increasing the population share of the middle-income group(MIG) is an important policy goal of China. To achieve the so-called "olive-shaped" social structure necessarily requires MIG to constitute a greater share than either the highincome or low-income groups. A review of criteria to identify MIG suggests that existing measure are generally income-based only, containing few indicators of living standards. To address this limitation, we propose a life quality-based method to identify MIG and contrasts it with previous measures. By employing ROC analysis, we further demonstrate the advantages of the new method and discuss the suitable scenarios where it can yield valuable insights and generate powerful policy implications. Using the nationally-representative sample of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS, 2012-2018), we find that the share of China’s MIG has been gradually increasing over recent years. By 2018, 31% of Chinese households(approximately 360 million people) have met the MIG criteria with commensurate quality of life.更多还原