【摘要】 五倍子具有抗菌消炎等作用，为探究其对乌鸡感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫的治疗效果及对卵囊孢子化的作用。将120只14日龄乌鸡随机平均分为6组，分别是水煎五倍子组（A组）、超声水提五倍子组（B组）、复方中药组（C组）、西药组（D组）、空白对照组（E组）及感染未治疗组（F组）。除E组外，其他雏鸡均经口感染5×10~4个柔嫩艾美耳球虫。感染第2～8天，A～D组每天均灌服100μL对应药物，E和F组灌服100μL蒸馏水。感染第9天称重、取盲肠。统计每组雏鸡相对增重率、存活率、卵囊值、病变值，计算抗球虫指数（Anticoccidial index, ACI）。为探究五倍子对球虫孢子化过程是否有抑制作用，设水煎五倍子组（a组）、超声水提五倍子组（b组）、复方中药组（c组）、西药组（d组）、2.5%重铬酸钾组（e组）5组，各3个重复。每组各取1×104个卵囊，加入对应药物。置于28℃水浴锅中孵育，在不同时间镜检。结果显示：E组末体重显著高于F组（P<0.05）,B,C,D,E组平均增重率均显著高于F组（P<0.05）;F组盲肠卵囊值显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），各药物组病变均较轻，A和B组ACI分别为163.05和169.86。孢子化率试验结果显示：24 h时e组孢子化率显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），至72 h e组孢子化率仍显著高于a和b组（P<0.05）。本研究结果表明，五倍子水提物对乌鸡感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫有中等疗效，且对柔嫩艾美耳球虫孢子化过程有抑制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese nutgall has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect of gallnut on Black-bone chickens infected by Eimeria tenella and its sporulation. 120 14-day-old Black-bone chickens were randomly divided into 6 groups: Chinese nutgall aqueous-extracts group(group A), ultrasonic-assisted Chinese nutgall extracts group(group B), traditional Chinese medicine compound group(group C), western medicine group(group D), uninfected group(group E) and unmedicated group(group F). Except for group E, all the other chickens were orally infected with 5 × 10~4 Eimeria tenella. From the 2nd to 8th day after infection, 100 μL of corresponding drug was given to group A to D each day, and 100 μL of distilled water was given to group E and F. On the 9th day after infection, chickens in each group were weighed and their ceca were sampled. The relative weight gain rate, survival rate, oocyst value and lesion value of each group and the anti-coccidiosis index(ACI) were calculated respectively. To explore the inhibitory effect of Chinese nutgall on the sporulation of coccidia, 5 groups were designed: Chinese nutgall aqueousextracts group(group a), ultrasonic-assisted Chinese nutgall extracts group(group b), traditional Chinese medicine compound group(group c), western medicine group(group d) and 2.5% potassium dichromate group(group e) with 3 replicates in each group. 1×104 oocysts were added in the corresponding liquid of each group, incubated at 28 ℃ and examined under microscope at different times. The results showed as follows: the final body weight of group E was significantly higher than that of group F(P<0.05) and the average weight gain rate of groups B, C, D and E was significantly higher than that of group F(P<0.05). The number of cecal oocysts in group F was significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.05), and the lesions in all drug groups were mild, with ACI of 163.05 and 169.86 in groups A and B, respectively. The sporulation rate test results showed that the spore rate of group e at 24 h was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05), and that of group e at 72 h was still significantly higher than that of groups a and b(P<0.05). The results of this study showed that the gallnut water extract had a moderate effect on Black-bone chickens infected Eimeria tenella and had an inhibitory effect on the sporulation of Eimeria tenella.更多还原