【摘要】 目的 了解福建省乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒疫苗不同免疫策略时期真实世界数据的流行病学特征。方法 根据国家不同时期乙肝疫苗免疫策略，按照观察法与队列研究设计，将人群分为不同的出生队列组，分析评价不同队列组乙肝发病的流行病学特征。结果 2004―2020年，福建省乙肝人年发病率为145.80/10万，急性、慢性乙肝人年发病率分别为35.72/10万和110.08/10万。1992年前出生队列组急性乙肝仍然高发(人年发病率46.44/10万);2002―2020年出生队列组、1992―2001年出生队列组和1992年前出生队列组慢性乙肝人年发病率均呈上升趋势，尤其是1992―2001年出生队列组上升差异有统计学意义(R~2=0.68),呈沿海地区相对高发的地区分布特点。结论 按照目前中国乙肝疫苗的免疫策略，福建省小年龄组人群乙肝发病率保持在较低水平，管理随访慢性乙肝病人，延缓肝硬化、肝癌的发展，是实现2030年消除目标的重点工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the real-world epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection under different hepatitis B vaccine(HepB) immunization strategies in Fujian Province. Methods HBV infection data were obtained from the Nationally Notifiable Disease Reporting System. The study population was divided into three birth cohort groups based on the national HepB immunization strategy in effect when they were born. Epidemiological characteristics of HepB incidence in different cohorts were analyzed and evaluated. Results In the 2002-2020 birth cohort group, the overall annual incidence of hepatitis B was 145.80/100,000; the acute hepatitis B(AHB) annual incidence was 35.72/100 000 and the chronic hepatitis B(CHB) annual incidence was 110.08/100 000. Before 1992, the AHB incidence was 46.44/100 000. The annual incidence of CHB increased in all three groups, with the 1992-2001 group having a statistically significant increase(R~2=0.68). The incidence rates in coastal areas were relatively high. Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis B is low among young people born under the free Hep B policy from 2002-2020 in Fujian Province. Following up and managing CHB patients to prevent or delay the development of cirrhosis and liver cancer is essential work to achieve the goal of eliminating hepatitis B as a public health problem by 2030.更多还原