【摘要】 目的 了解湖北省耐多药/利福平耐药结核病患者特征及治疗效果影响因素。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法，分析湖北省登记的耐多药/利福平耐药结核病患者特征，利用非条件logistic回归模型分析耐多药/利福平耐药结核病治疗效果的影响因素。结果 2015—2021年纳入分析的3 799例耐多药/利福平耐药结核病患者，以男性（72.91%）、中青年（84.71%）和农民/民工患者（37.06%）为主。耐多药/利福平耐药结核病患者治疗成功率为61.30%。单因素和多因素logistic回归结果均表明男性、年龄≥65岁、复治、职业为农民/民工、未使用阿米卡星/卷曲霉素及治疗时间≤1年患者成功治疗比例较低，且差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 湖北省耐多药/利福平耐药结核病疫情防控的重点人群为中青年、男性及农民/民工。为提高湖北省耐多药/利福平耐药结核病患者的治疗效果，治疗时还需对年龄65岁以上的患者、男性和农民/民工人群加大关注力度。治疗方案中使用二线注射类药物，治疗后重点关注造成治疗时长较短的原因，对提高治疗效果具有一定作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the characteristics of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis(TB) patients and factors assocoated with treatment effect in Hubei province. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the characteristics of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant TB patients in Hubei, and unconditional logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with the treatment effect of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant TB. Results From 2015 to 2021, a total of 3 799 patients with multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis were included in the analysis, in whom men, middle-aged people and farmers/migrant workers accounted for 72.91%, 84.71% and37.06% respectively. The treatment success rate in the patients was 61.30%. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that the proportion of unsuccessful treatment was higher in men, those aged ≥65 years,retreatment cases, farmers/migrant workers, those using no Amikacin/Capreomycin and those with treatment duration ≤1year, and all the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Young and middle-aged people, men and famers/migrant workers are key population in the prevention and control of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant TB in Hubei. In the treatment of multidrug/rifampicin-resistant TB patients, more attention should be paid to those aged ≥65 years,men and farmers/migrant workers, the second-line injectable drugs are suggested to use and identifying the reasons causing shorter treatment duration can improve treatment outcomes.更多还原