【摘要】 研究基于中尺度数值天气预测（WRF）模型，耦合海洋模型和风电场参数化方案，探讨了海洋边界层下的海上风电场尾流效应和功率输出特性。结果发现：海上风电场尾流易发生混合，导致较强的风速亏损，严重影响下游风力机的功率输出。由于大气和海洋之间的动量、热量及水汽等通量交换，速度亏损表现出更强的水平扩散，风电场尾流恢复加速，最终尾流长度缩短。另外，风电场的尾流特性和功率输出与风力机布局相关，海气相互作用增强了尾流延伸的稳定性，削弱了风电场的非局地性影响。研究表明使用多物理耦合模型探究海上风电场运行特性是尤为关键的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, we explore the wake flow and power output of an offshore wind farm using the WRF model, coupling to an ocean model and a wind farm parameterization. It is found that the wake flow of the offshore wind farm significantly affects the operation characteristics of the whole farm. The wake flows of offshore wind turbines are easy to mix, result in a strong wind speed deficit, leading to the decline of power output of downstream wind turbines. The velocity deficit exhibits strong horizontal spread due to the flux exchange between air and ocean, accelerating the recovery of the wake flow, and ultimately leading to a reduction in the length of wake flow. Meanwhile, the wake characteristics and power output of wind farm are related to the layout and installed capacity of wind turbines. The air-ocean interaction increases the stability of wake flow extension, and help to reduce non-local impact. In general, it is important to consider the interaction between air,ocean and the wind farm itself.更多还原