【摘要】 本文以酒糟生物炭为供试材料,比较研究了化学活化改性法（HNO₃、NaOH和H₂O₂）、有机改性法（海藻酸钠和柠檬酸）以及金属盐或金属氧化物改性法（FeCl₃和Fe₂O₃）对酒糟生物炭理化性质及其吸附性能的影响,为制备高吸附性能生物炭提供理论依据。实验结果表明:（1）不同改性方法对酒糟生物炭吸附Cd（Ⅱ）能力影响较大。吸附实验结果显示,FeCl₃改性（C₁）显著降低酒糟生物炭的吸附能力,其他改性方法均提高生物炭的吸附能力。选取三类改性方法中吸附作用最好的一种进行比较,其中Fe₂O₃改性碳（C₂）对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附作用最强,H₂O₂改性炭（A₃）次之,柠檬酸改性炭（B₂）效果最差,三种改性生物炭与对照相比分别提高了30.45%、13.49%和10.4%。（2）生物炭结构表征结果显示,Fe₂O₃改性生物炭比表面积达134.88 m²/g、粒径分布1.9-115 nm、中值粒径达3.82nm、Zeta电位绝对值为45.9 mV,均显著高于其他改性生物炭;且Fe₂O₃改性生物炭Fe-O官能团与含氧官能团数目增加也高于其他改性生物炭。由此表明,Fe₂O₃改性更能改善酒糟生物炭理化性质,进一步提高酒糟生物炭对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 To compare the effects of different modification methods on physicochemical properties and adsorption properties of biochar and to provide theoretical basis for preparing biochar with high adsorption performance,the effects of chemical modification（HNO₃,NaOH and H₂O₂）,organic modification（sodium alginate and citric acid） and metal salt or oxide modification（FeCl₃ and Fe₂O₃） on the physicochemical properties of distiller’s grains biochar were studied.Experimental results showed that:（1） Different modification methods had different effects on adsorption properties of distiller’s grains biochar on Cd（Ⅱ）.Adsorption experimental results presented that FeCl₃ modified biochar significantly decreased the adsorption property and other modification methods all increased the adsorption property.Compared the best adsorptivity one in each modification method,the adsorption of Fe₂O₃ modified biochar（C₂） on Cd（Ⅱ） was the highest,H₂O₂ modified biochar（A₃） was the second,and citric acid modified biochar（B₂） has the lowest effect,with saturated adsorption capacity to Cd（Ⅱ） increasing 30.45%,13.49%and 10.4%compared with control separately.（2） The biochar structure characterization result showed that specific area of Fe₂O₃ modified biochar was 134.88 m²·g^-1,particle size distributed from 1.9nm to 115nm,median particle diameter was 3.82nm,Absolute Zeta potential value was 45.9mV,they were all higher than other modified biochar.The Fe-0 functional group of Fe₂O₃ modified biochar increased faster than other modified biochar.It presented that Fe₂O₃ modification had more improvement on physicochemical properties and adsorption properties of distiller’s grains biochar.modified biochar is the largest,reaching 134.88 mz·g^-1,the content of Fe-0 functional group is the highest,the particle size distributed from 1.9nm to 115 nm,and the content of fine biochar is the highest.It can be concluded that biochar modified by Fe₂O₃ can significantly increase the physicochemical properties of distiller’s grains biochar and increase the adsorption capacity of Cd（Ⅱ）.更多还原