【摘要】 针对特超稠油流动性差、开采难度大的问题，以马来酸酐、C12～18不饱和酸、丙烯酰胺和苯乙烯为原料合成了油溶性聚合物降黏剂MAOS、MAS和两亲型聚合物降黏剂TEO9AS、C18AA,采用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征，比较了聚合物的降凝、降黏性能，测试了两亲聚合物的表面活性。实验结果表明：聚合物TEO9AS的临界胶束浓度为0.1g/L,γ_CMC为29.54 mN/m,当溶液达到0.03%（w）时界面张力可达到10^-1 mN/m数量级；单独的油溶性聚合物和两亲型聚合物均具有较好降凝和降黏效果，油溶性聚合物加量越大，黏度越低。在加量为0.5%时，含有MAS和MAOS的稠油黏度分别为24353 mPa·s和44744 mPa·s,降黏率分别为91.00%和83.47%,两亲型聚合物TEO9AS的降黏率为80.22%。聚合物降黏剂与碱复配后可以大幅降低稠油黏度，尤其是两亲型聚合物TEO9AS与0.8%碱复合时黏度达到206 mPa·s,降黏率达到99.99%。表明两亲型聚合物与碱的混合具有很好的降黏协同效果，这一技术的开发为稠油常温开采提供了技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the problems of poor liquidity and difficult exploitation of ultra-heavy oil, Oil-soluble polymer viscosity reducers MAOS and MAS and amphiphilic polymer viscosity reducers TEO9AS and C18AA were synthesized from maleic anhydride, C12～18 unsaturated acid, acrylamide and styrene.Their structures were characterized by INFRARED spectroscopy.The pour point and viscosity reduction energy of the polymers were compared, and the surface activity of amphiphilic polymers was tested.The experimental results show that the critical micelle concentration of TEO9AS is 0.1g/L,the γ CMC is 29.54 mN/m, and the intersectional tension can reach 10^-1 mN/m when the solution reaches 0.03%（W）.The oil soluble polymer and amphiphilic polymer have good effect of pour point and viscosity reduction.The viscosity of oil soluble polymer decreases with the increase of oil soluble polymer.When adding 0.5%,the viscosity of MAS and MAOS are 24353 mPa·s and 44744 mPa·s, respectively, and the viscosity reduction is 91.00%and 83.47%,respectively.The viscosity reduction of amphiphilic TEO9AS is 80.22%.The viscosity of heavy oil can be reduced by the combination of polymer viscosity reducer and alkali, especially when the amphiphilic polymer TEO9AS is combined with 0.8% alkali, the viscosity can reach 206 mPa·s, and the viscosity reduction rate can reach 99.99%.It shows that the mixing of amphiphilic polymer and alkali has a good synergistic effect of viscosity reduction.The development of this technology provides technical support for heavy oil recovery at normal temperature.更多还原