【摘要】 开展近岸海域大型底栖动物多样性调查和生态质量评价对于指导海洋生态环境保护修复具有重要意义。本研究以广东省大亚湾为研究区域，于2022年8月进行大型底栖动物和环境因子调查，利用生物指数AMBI和M-AMBI对大亚湾底栖动物群落健康状况和生态质量状况进行评价。本研究共采集到大型底栖动物69种，环节动物为优势类群，主要优势种为多鳃齿吻沙蚕（Nephtys polybranchia）、细丝鳃虫（Cirratulus filiformis）和奇异稚齿虫（Paraprionospio pinnata），与历史资料对比研究表明，近40年来，大亚湾大型底栖动物物种组成已经发生显著变化。典范对应分析表明，亚硝酸-氮（NO₂-N）和硝酸-氮（NO₃-N）是影响大型底栖动物群落丰度的主要环境因子，表明含氮营养盐已经对大亚湾大型底栖动物群落产生负面影响。生物指数评价结果表明，大亚湾底栖生境处于“未扰动”或“轻度扰动”状态，生态质量处于“好”或“一般”状态。更多还原

【Abstract】 Macrobenthic biodiversity and ecological quality assessment in coastal waters are important for marine ecological conservation and restoration. In this study, macrobenthos and environmental factors were surveyed in Daya Bay, Guangdong Province, in August 2022. The health and ecological quality of the benthic community in Daya Bay was evaluated by using the biological indices AMBI and M-AMBI. The results indicated that 69 macrobenthic species were collected, among which annelids were the dominant taxa, and the main dominant species were Nephtys polybranchia, Cirratulus filiformis and Paraprionospio pinnata. The species composition of the macrobenthic community in Daya Bay has changed significantly when compared with historical data of 40-years ago. Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) showed that nitrite-N and nitrate-N were the main environmental factors affecting the macrobenthic community, indicating that nitrogenous nutrients had a negative impact on the macrobenthic community in Daya Bay. The results of the biotic index evaluation indicated that the benthic habitat in Daya Bay was in the "undisturbed" or "slightly disturbed" status, with the ecological quality in the "good" or "moderate" status.更多还原