【摘要】 《辅行诀五脏用药法要》中，“大泻五脏方”为大泻肝汤、大泻心(包)汤、大泻脾汤、大泻肺汤、大泻肾汤，五方用药仅一味之差，共同药物为：枳实(酸)、黄芩(苦)、甘草(甘)、生姜(辛)、大黄(咸),在此基础上，大泻肺汤加了葶苈子，因葶苈子味咸，为金(肺)之体味，体味为泻，又为火之用味，火克金，起到泻肺的作用；大泻肝汤加了芍药，芍药味酸，为木(肝)之体味，又为金之用味，金克木，起到泻肝的作用；大泻心(包)汤加了黄连，黄连味苦，为火(心)之体味，又为水之用味，水克火，故而泻心；大泻脾汤加了附子，附子味辛，为土(脾)之体味，又为木之用味，木克土，制约脾的功能；大泻肾汤加了茯苓，茯苓味甘，为水(肾)之体味，又为土之用味，土克水，起到泻肾的作用。“大泻五脏方”中相同的药物，包含酸、苦、甘、辛、咸五味；单加药物以所不胜之味泻己之实，以制约本脏之气太过，充分发挥了中药五味对人体气机的调节作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to The Essential Medication Methods of the Five Zang-Organs of the Supplementary Practice, "Major Formulas for Draining Five Zang-Organs" include Major Liver-Draining Decoction, Major Heart-Draining Decoction, Major Spleen-Draining Decoction, Major Lung-Draining Decoction, and Major Kidney-Draining Decoction.The five formulas are only different in one kind of flavor.The common Chinese medicinals are: Zhishi(Fructus Aurantii Immaturus,acid),Huangqin(Radix Scutellariae,bitter),Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae, sweet),Shengjiang(Rhizoma Zingiveris Recens,pungent),Dahuang(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,salty).On this basis, Major Lung-Draining Decoction is added with Tinglizi(Semen Descurainiae seu Lepidii) which is salty in flavor.Its flavor is the body flavor of metal(the lung) which means draining; Being salty is the function flavor of fire.Fire restricts metal, which can play the role of draining the lung.Major Liver-Draining Decoction is added with Shaoyao(Radix Paeoniae Alba seu Rubra) which is sour in flavor.Its flavor is the body flavor of wood(the liver);Being sour is the function flavor of metal.Metal restricts wood, which can drain the liver.Major Heart-Draining Decoction is added with Huanglian(Rhizoma Coptidis) which is bitter in flavor.Its flavor is the body flavor of fire(the heart) which means draining; Being bitter is the function flavor of water.Water restricts fire, which can drain the heart.Major Spleen-Draining Decoction is added with Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) which is pungent in flavor.Its flavor is the body flavor of earth(the spleen);Being pungent is the function flavor of wood.Wood restricts earth, which can constraint the spleen.Major Kidney-Draining Decoction is added with Fuling(Poria) which is sweet in flavor.Its flavor is the body flavor of water(the kidney);Being sweet is the function flavor of earth.Earth restricts water, which can drain the kidney.The same Chinese medicinals in "Major Formulas for Draining Five Zang-Organs" include five flavors: sour, bitter, sweet, pungent and salty.The singly added one with specific flavor can drain its own tropism organ′s excess in order to restrict the excess of qi,and give full play to the role of the five flavors of Chinese medicinals in regulating the body′s qi.更多还原