【摘要】 为探究可降解塑料聚乳酸（PLA）、聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯（PBAT）及其共混塑料（PBAT/PLA）以及不可降解塑料聚乙烯（PE）在红壤、小粉土和青粉泥中的降解行为，采用失重分析、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）和元素分析-稳定同位素比率质谱仪（EA-IRMS）评估上述4种塑料在土壤填埋下的特征变化。结果表明，不同塑料在土壤中的降解性能存在差异。随着降解程度的增加，可降解塑料的玻璃化转变温度（T_g）、冷结晶温度（T_c）以及熔融温度（T_m）向低温方向偏移，δ¹³C值有升高的趋势，%C有降低的趋势。其中，PBAT/PLA在青粉泥中填埋180 d后的失重率最大，为95.1%，其T_g由61℃降至58℃，T_c由113℃降至104℃，δ¹³C值从-24.1‰增加到-21.8‰，%C从54.9%降低至40.5%。表明DSC和EA-IEMS或可用于定性监测塑料在环境中的降解行为。本研究结果为可降解塑料在环境中的降解行为研究提供了新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the degradation behavior of biodegradable plastics polylactic acid（PLA）, polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate（PBAT）, blend plastic（PBAT/PLA） and non-degradable plastics polyethylene（PE） in red soil, small silt and green silt, the characteristics of the above four kinds of plastics in soil was evaluated by weight loss analysis, differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） and elemental analyzerisotope ratio mass spectrometry（EA-IRMS）. The results showed that the degradation performance of different plastics in soils was different. With the increase of degradation degree, the glass transition temperature（T_g）, cold crystallization temperature（T_c） and melting temperature（T_m） of biodegradable plastics shifted to the low temperature direction, the δ¹³C value increased and the %C decreased. Among them, the weight loss of PBAT/PLA after 180 days of landfill in green silt was the largest, 95. 1%, T_g decreased from 61 ℃ to 58 ℃, T_c decreased from 113 ℃ to 104 ℃, δ¹³C value increased from -24. 1‰ to -21. 8‰, %C decreased from 54. 9% to 40. 5%. DSC and EA-IEMS could be used to qualitatively monitor the degradation behavior of plastics in the environment. Results of this study provided a new way to study the degradation behavior of biodegradable plastics in the environment.更多还原