【摘要】 以浙江省新昌县为例，分析了目前其垦造耕地区所面临的“非粮化”整治困境，如整治阻力大、财政压力大、可持续性差等，得出困境源于粮油作物收益偏低、地理条件制约较多、农村劳动力流失严重、市场需求结构调整、茶叶种植极具前景等。在厘清农户耕地经营决策逻辑的基础上，采用对比实验法研究新昌县垦造耕地区最为典型的“非粮化”利用方式——种植茶叶对耕地质量的影响，并以耕地质量不下降为前提提出相应的耕地“非粮化”治理路径和对策：坚持因地制宜，实施差异整治；统一耕地流转，完善经营制度；搭建交易平台，畅通销售渠道；进行财政补助，助力“消薄”增收；坚持藏粮于技，加强科技创新；监测耕地质量，指导种植利用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking Xinchang County of Zhejiang Province as an example, the analysis finds that the governance of the "non-grain" of its farmland reclamation area falls into a dilemma of high resistance to remediation, great financial pressure, and poor sustainability.The dilemma stems from low income of growing grain and oil crops, geographical constraints, serious loss of rural labor, structural adjustment of market demand, and great prospect of tea cultivation. On the basis of clarifying the decision-making logic of farmers’ farmland management, the study uses a comparative experimental method to study the impact of tea cultivation, the most typical "non-grain" utilization mode in the farmland reclamation area of Xinchang County, on the quality of farmland. Furthermore, on the premise of ensuring the farmland quality, it proposes corresponding paths and countermeasures for governing the "non-grain" of farmland: insisting on the implementation of differentiated remediation according to local conditions; unifying farmland circulation and improving the management system; building a trading platform to make sales channels smooth; providing financial subsidies to help villages "improve weak collective economy" and increase farmers’ income; implementing the food crop production strategy based on technological application and strengthening scientific and technological innovation; monitoring the farmland quality to guide the planting and utilization.更多还原