【摘要】 目的 发挥护理学术组的作用，医院职业防护护理组将控制理论应用于院内医疗废物的管理中，探讨其对院内医疗废物管理的成效，为医疗废物的精细化管理提供参考。方法 由职业防护护理组主导，于医院开展医疗废物管理实践，基于控制理论，从医疗废物的分类、收集及包装、暂存、交接及登记、运送5大方面对医疗废物的管理进行持续质量改进，并采用分层抽样的方法，对我院35个病房通过医疗废物管理查检表评价实践前后的效果。结果 实践前（2020年1—4月）对医疗废物管理中科室存在的问题进行分析，其中“分类”达标率最低，为57.14%，其他依次为“收集及包装”（71.43%）、“暂存”（74.28%）、“交接及登记”（85.71%）、“运送”（94.28%）；实践后（2020年9—12月）医疗废物“分类”达标率提高至88.57%，“收集及包装”达标率提高至94.28%、“暂存”达标率提高至94.28%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），交接及登记（91.42%）、运送（97.14%）方面达标率较之前也有提升。实践前4个月（2020年1—4月）医疗废物产生量均值约1.38 kg/病床日，实践后4个月（2020年9—12月）医疗废物产生量均值约1.11 kg/病床日，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 护理学术组主导的基于控制理论的医疗废物管理实践有效。在医疗废物管理上通过培训、查检、标识管理等进行前馈控制，通过建立多节点监督机制、信息化监管及量化评估进行同期控制，并通过建立后馈机制达到闭环式管理，为医疗废物的精细化管理提供实践参考，同时，减少了医疗废物的产生，降低了医疗废物处理成本及可能感染的风险和危害。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To play the role of the nursing academic group,the occupational protection nursing group of the hospital applied the control theory to the management of medical waste in the hospital,and to discussed its effect on the management of medical waste in the hospital,and provided a reference for the fine management of medical waste.Methods The occupational protection nursing group led the medical waste management practice in hospital.Based on the control theory,the continuous quality improvement of medical waste management was carried out from the five aspects of medical waste classification,collection and packaging,temporary storage,handover and registration,and transportation,and the effect before and after the practice was evaluated through the medical waste management checklist in 35 wards of our hospital by stratified sampling.Results Before the practice(from January to April 2020),the problems existing in the departments of medical waste management were analyzed.Among them,the compliance rate of "classification" was the lowest(57.14%),followed by"collection and packaging"(71.43%),"temporary storage "(74.28%)," handover and registration"(85.71%),and "transportation"(94.28%);after the practice(from September to December 2020),the compliance rate of"classification" of medical waste has been raised to 88.57%,the compliance rate of "collection and packaging"has been raised to 94.28%,the compliance rate of "temporary storage has been raised to 94.28%,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),and the compliance rate of handover and registration(91.42%),and transportation(97.14%) has also been improved.The average amount of medical waste generated in the first four months(from January to April 2020) is about 1.38 kg/hospital bed day,and the average amount of medical waste generated in the last four months(from September to December 2020) is about 1.11 kg/hospital bed day,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The practice of medical waste management based on control theory led by nursing academic group is effective.In terms of medical waste management,feedforward control is carried out through training,inspection,identification management,etc.,simultaneous control is carried out through the establishment of a multi node supervision mechanism,information supervision and quantitative evaluation,and closed-loop management is achieved through the establishment of a feedback mechanism,which provides practical reference for the refined management of medical waste.At the same time,the generation of medical waste is reduced,and the cost of medical waste treatment and the risk and harm of possible infection are reduced.更多还原