【摘要】 禁塑令背景下，以质轻、面广、细小的吸管为研究对象，运用生命周期评价(LCA)方法从产品的生产、运输、处置3个方面对聚丙烯(PP)吸管、聚乳酸(PLA)吸管、纸吸管的环境友好性进行比较，并对其碳足迹展开讨论。计算得出3种吸管总环境影响为PP吸管>纸吸管>PLA吸管，PLA吸管和纸吸管相对于PP吸管总环境影响分别下降了53.86%、32.41%。生产、运输、处置阶段环境影响最大的分别为PP吸管、纸吸管、纸吸管。3种吸管碳排放总量为纸吸管>PP吸管>PLA吸管，PP吸管碳排放总量是PLA吸管的2.5倍。可以通过减小纸吸管质量、加大垃圾分类力度、提高焚烧比例、控制产品运输距离提高可降解吸管的环境友好性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Small drinking straws with light weight and wide range of use were taken as research objects under the background of the plastic ban. The environmental friendliness of PP straws, PLA straws and paper straws was compared by using life cycle assessment(LCA) method from aspects of production, transportation and treatment stages, and the carbon footprint was discussed. The total environmental impact of the three kinds of drinking straws showed PP straws>paper straws>PLA straws. Compared with PP straws, the total environmental impact of PLA straws and paper straws decreased by 53.86% and 32.41%,respectively. PP straws had the greatest environmental impact in the production stage, while paper straws had the greatest environmental impact in both transportation and treatment stages. The total carbon emissions of the three kinds of straws showed paper straws>PP straws>PLA straws. The carbon emission of PP drinking straws was 2.5 times that of PLA straws. It was concluded that the environmental friendliness of the degradable straws could be improved by reducing the weight of the paper straws, increasing the intensity of garbage classification, improving the proportion of incineration, and controlling the transportation distance of the products.更多还原