【摘要】 城市雨水径流中痕量污染物的特征和污染风险是研究的热点。为探讨高密度建成区道路雨水径流重金属、PAHs、酚类、石油类痕量物质污染特性和污染风险,开展6次不同雨量等级下5种用地类型中道路雨水径流现场监测试验。结果表明:在新小区、城中村、商业区、科教文卫区、工业区5种路面中,雨水径流重金属主要检测出铅、铬,PAHs污染物检测出蒽,酚类污染物检测出苯酚,未检测出石油类污染物。用地类型对铅、铬浓度具有显著影响,雨量等级和用地类型共同作用对铅、铬浓度产生显著影响;工业区、商业区不同用地类型之间蒽、苯酚浓度差异显著。雨水径流中铅浓度优于地表水I类水标准,铬浓度优于地表水II类水标准,苯酚浓度优于地表水I类水标准,产业结构变化、海绵设施建设、街道常态化清扫管理等减少了道路痕量物质。从雨水径流进入水体的污染风险角度,深圳龙岗区重金属、酚类、石油类污染物对水体的污染风险较低。估算深圳市建成区全年雨水径流中铅、铬、蒽、苯酚的总量分别为950.16,2519.81,242.88,1632.83 kg,考虑污染物有毒有害特性,深圳市仍需关注铅、铬、蒽、苯酚的污染风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 The characteristics and risks of trace pollutants pollution in urban stormwater runoff are a hot topic. This paper is to explore the pollution characteristics and risks of heavy metals, PAHs, phenols and petroleum pollutants from road stormwater runoff in high-density built-up areas, and six field monitoring tests of road stormwater runoff in five land types were conducted.The results showed that the main components of heavy metals in runoff were lead(Pb) and chromium(Cr), the main pollutant of PAHs was anthracene, and the main pollutant of phenols was phenol, but no petroleum pollutants were detected in five types of pavements in new subdivisions, urban villages, commercial areas, scientific areas, educational areas and industrial areas.The land type had a significant effect on Pb and Cr concentrations, which were also impacted by the combined effect of rainfall level and land type. The concentrations of anthracene and phenol were significantly different among different land types in industrial and commercial areas. The Pb concentration in runoff was superior to the class I water standard of surface water, the Cr concentration was superior to the class II, and the phenol concentration was superior to the class I. The trace pollutants in roads were reduced by the change of industrial structure, the construction of sponge facilities, as well as the normalization of street cleaning. The pollution risk of heavy metals, phenols and petroleum pollutants in rain runoff to the water body was relatively low. It is estimated that the total amount of Pb and Cr, anthracene and phenol in the annual rainwater runoff in the built-up area of Shenzhen is 950. 16, 2519. 81, 242. 88 and 1632. 83 kg, respectively. Considering the toxic and harmful characteristics of pollutants, the pollution risks of Pb and Cr, anthracene and phenol still needs to be paied attention to.更多还原